Tissue Engineering
What latin-based phrase is used to describe tissue engineering solutions “grown” in their target location?
In situ
When an investigator interprets study results in a manner that conforms to their preconceptions towards a hypothesis, this represents what kind of bias?
Confirmation Bias
Hydrolytic-mediating factors (e.g ions, water, etc.) typically occur in this order
Water -> ions -> proteins
Because of their risk, breast implants were given this risk-classification, the highest rated by the FDA
Class III
Besides clotting time, the Osorio group also analyzed this principle component of blood compatibility
Hemolysis
A major challenge to working with stem cells is correctly inducing the desired “traits and observable characteristics” (AKA this word) of the target cell
Phenotype
The disproportionate reporting of positive, favorable research is what kind of bias?
Publication bias
These are the two main branches of chemically-induced biodegradation
Oxidative and Hydrolytic
This manufacturer of breast implants was at the center of lawsuits in the 80’s and 90’s
Dow Corning
In analyzing the degradation of their GelMA hydrogel in the presence of nHAp, Thakur et a. used this biologicially-relevant enzyme
Collegenase
The term “embryonic” has largely fallow out of favor for stem cells, has been replaced by this term
Pluripotent
The ProDisc-L targeted this area of the spine
Lumbar
What natural, biologic process (in benign cases) naturally hinders biodegradation
foreign body capsule
Having already been marketed and sold prior to the 1976 MDA, breast implants received this “benefit”, relieving them temporarily of immediate regulatory scrutiny
Because of its superior blood-compatibility characteristics, the ISO 10993-12 standard requires what synthetic material to be used as a negative control for biocomp studies?
HDPE
The works of Drs. John Gruden and Shinya Yamanaka collectively demonstrated WHAT regarded a cells potency?
They can be induced
What company was at the center of scrutiny and lawsuits in the ProDisc case study
Spine Solutions/Synthes
Immune cells typically induce hydrolysis via these compounds
Enzymes
What was the fundamental statistical measure used by the NEJoM studies to evaluate the potential complications of breast implants
Relative Risk
Yang et al. wanted to compare two independent mechanical tests involving their different scaffolds: scaffold strength (e.g. UTS or modulus) and THIS
Suture retention strength
Cell therapy applications have been dominated by the use of these type of stem cells
Hematopoietic stem cells
A study whose results can only be applied in a limited capacity to situations outside of the study conditions represents what kind of bias?
External validity
Polymeric devices whose biodegradation is dominated by surface erosion typically follow this degradation profile
Zero-order
One of the largest studies conducted at the time (1995) analyzing the outcomes of breast-implant recipients targeted this specific sub-population for their study
Nurses (“The Harvard Nurses Epidemiologic Study”)
When looking at Gene expression of cells infiltrating their various scaffolds, Yang et a. reported their “relative expression”. What is the expression relative to?
Baseline gene expression prior to scaffold infiltration