Definitions
What is a profession?
A type of occupation that requires a high level of education and training and involves earning specific qualifications and skills shared by everyone in that field. A profession is a group of people in the same career field who abide by a set of ideals, agree to support moral ideals, and set and follow standards that they follow in their work.
What is respect for persons?
Respecting individuals and their autonomy
In part 2 of the framework, what do you need to identify?
Facts and unknowns
Opinion
Does your school have an organizational culture?
Yes
What is an ethical code?
A set of guidelines that a group of people have all agreed to follow.
Doing the least harm
Are ethical questions subjective or objective?
Bit of both
Altruism, autonomy, caring, fairness, and honesty are examples of ______.
Values/Concerns
How should terminating employees be handled?
It should be handled ethically and with sensitivity.
What is organizational culture?
The shared perspectives, values, and beliefs of an organization, essentially the “social glue” that holds the organization together.
What is justice?
Giving people fair and equal respect and treatment
True or false, all of the principles of bioethics will be equally relevant to any one situation.
False
Implied and informed are the two ways to consent to ______.
Participation
In addition to ethical questions, what other type of questions did we review in this class?
Scientific, religious/cultural, legal, ethical, personal preference
What are ethics?
Field of study that looks at the moral basis of human behavior.
Doing good things out of the goodness in your heart; excellence
Describe three characteristics of ethical questions.
Involves the words “ought” or “should”, several alternate solutions, contains conflicting moral choices and dilemmas, no right or wrong answer which satisfies all parties
A subfield of ethics applied to the life sciences is called _____.
Bioethics
What is a stakeholder?
Any person, institution or entity that is interested in, invested in or will be affected by the outcome of the ethical decision.
The reasons given to support a position or claim, are called what?
Justifications
Name all the bioethical principles.
Respect for persons, maximize benefits, minimize harm, justice, ethical relativism, divine command theory, utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, universal law
In order to consider different stakeholder values and concerns entails viewing dilemmas from different perspectives. What phrase do we use to describe how to do this?
Putting yourself in someone else’s shoes (empathy)
A performance evaluation includes clear ________, frequent and constructive _______, and any ________ must be addressed.
Expectations + Feedback + Issues
Throughout this unit, we talked about individuals participating in research programs. What do you think an individual must be told before they begin participating in research?
Nature of research, purpose of research, side effects, and dangers