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Biomolecules
Functions
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Code for traits; heredity

Codes for proteins

100

What are examples of Lipids?

oils, waxes, vitamins

100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200

Describe the two types of proteins

Fibrous--structural support Globular--enzymes, transport

200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200

How can you recognize a sugar by its spelling?

ends in "ose"

200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300

Name a monomer and one polymer of carbohydrates.

Monomers--glucose,

Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose

300

What is the function of fibrous proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?

Structure; cell membrane

300

Enzymes usually end with ...

"ase"

300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400

What kind of carbohydrates do plants use to store extra sugars?

Polymers/Polysaccharides = starch

400

What does Benedict's solution test for and what color indicates a positive reaction?

Simple sugars (mono-saccharide);creamy/orange (any color besides blue)

400

On a pH scale, name the range for acids

0-6, with lower numbers being most acidic. 

400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500

Adding water to a polymer, breaking the chain to its original monomers

Hydrolysis

500

What chemical reagent/indicator is used to test for polysaccharides/complex sugars, and what color indicates a positive result?

Iodine solution; black/dark purple

500

Name the bond that holds amino acids together to form a protein.

Peptide Bond

500

Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works

Temperature, pH (acid/base solution)