Anti Bugs
Which drug inhibits bacterial synthesis of folic acid?
sulfonamide
a charge that is held in place and requires _____ but is held in place so it doesn't move. What is the blank and what is the definition
kinetic
electric potential
what is the structural formula of prostaglandins?
five membered ring with a 7 carbon side chain which often ends in carboxylic acid group, adjacent to an 8 carbon chain
the derivatives of all steroids are from what ?
cholesterol
if a bacteria has a permeability of its cell wall what antibiotic causes this effect?
polymyxin
as new SRNA students going to your first day in clinical what are you going to look for in the OR to keep you safe from electrical shocks?
rubber gloves
every plug is grounded GFCI
when giving thiopental what type of patient will it become effective faster and what type of patient will it be effective slower?
faster- acidic because thiopental is a weak acid so there will be more non-ionized of the drug. This also creates the chance of accidental overdose due to more non-ionized being absorbed.
slower- basic because there will be more ionized version of the drug.
what are the stop and start codons?
stop- UGA, UAG, UAA
start: AUG
You have a patient coming to your OR for placement of a bolt so the nurses on the ICU floor can better monitor the ICP. When dropping the patient off after a successful bolt placement you hear the new trauma resident order D5 1000ml bolus to fix the blood sugar, is this a good or bad order and why?
this is a bad order because D5 after the sugar is absorbed it is a hypotonic solution and will create cerebral edema and with a patient who all ready has high ICP it will make it worse
what is the MOA of metronidazole?
disrupt microsomal DNA synthesis
what is the current produces by a voltage of 240v through a resistance of 0.2 ohms?
1200 amps
when storing any drug what type of solution should it be stored in and why?
opposite pH so it does not cause precipitation
how do we get genetic mutations?
if a stop codon appears to early, or pull of wrong amino acid
Why do we use 3% NaCl on patients with high ICP and cerebral edema? What could be a bad side effect if someone were to bolus it into our patient?
because it is a hypertonic solution so it will shrink the cells decreasing cerebral edema thus decreasing ICP. If someone were to bolus it it would decrease the cells to fast and it could cause cerebral hemorrhage as well as demylinating the patient essentially giving them MS
in inability of bacteria ribosomes to be able to synthesis proteins is the MOA of what antibiotics?
mycins, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, chloramphenicol
what resistance would produce a current of 120 amps from a 6Volt battery
0.05ohms
if a patient overdoses on a drug what concept can you use to help reduce the effect of the medication? how does it work?
urine trapping
it creates a opposite effect in the urine to trap the ionized version of the drug so it can be excreted
compare the differences between DNA and RNA
DNA is a double-stranded helical molecule found in the nucleus, replicates before cell division, instruction for protein synthesis. RNA is only a single stranded molecule found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
your patient blood pressure is low in the OR what type of solution would you use first? give me two (or three) examples
you would use a isotonic solution so the fluid will stay extracellularly (within the vascular space) and boost your pts blood pressure. Two main examples are LR and NS (albumin 5%)
this drug is prescribed to block bacterial mRNA cell wall synthesis
rifampin
how do conductors and insulators work? what are examples?
conductor- charges flow easily because atoms do not hold onto electrons tightly ex: copper
insulator- hold onto atoms tightly so they stop the electrical current ex: plastic
how does penicillin G work?
prevents cell wall synthesis
what are the disadvantages of using a pulse ox?
false reading from movement, ambient light source, hypothermic, vasoconstriction
risk of burn in poor perfusion
interference with nail polish
cannot differentiate between oxyhb and carboxyhb
cannot differentiate between PaO2 of 100 or 500 gives the same readings
what is the most important extracellular buffer, renal buffers, intracellular buffer?
ECF: bicarb
RB: ammonia, phosphorus
ICF: proteins (hgb)