Talk Talk Talk
What area controls speech production? Which lobe is it in?
Broca's area; frontal lobe
Results from damage to posterior language area alone, which isolates Wernicke's area from rest of posterior language area; able to repeat, but no comprehension of meaningful speech production
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Which hemisphere is involved in prosody?
Right hemisphere
What is meningities?
inflammation of menninge; can be caused by virus or bacteria
_______can treat atherosclerosis and reduces the risk of stroke by 50%
endarterectomy
People with Broca's aphasia have __________ and are _______ of their deficits
impairment in speech production due to three deficits: problems w articulation, agrammatism, and anomia ; aware
inability to reapeat words; can repeat ONLy if those sounds have meaning; have in tact speech comprehension and production
from the flow chart -> Yes fluent; Yes comprehension; No repeat
*same aphasia just two different ways to think about it*
Conduction aphasia
What is the bundle of axons that connect the wernicke's area with Broca's area?
Arcuate Fasciculus
Is neuronal death a direct result of loss of glucose/oxygen from the blood?
No :)
- excess glutamata causes influx of sodium and calcium - > cell becomes inflamed + swells w absorbing water -> attracts microglia (for phagocytosis) + daaged mitochondria produce free radicals -> all this leads to neuronal death
What are some treatment options for stroke?
blood thinner to prevent future clots/strokes, medication to reduce high BP, brain surgery to seal off weak/damaged blood vessels, antibiotics if its the result of infection, clot-dissolving drug (tPA) of within 3 hours; mechanical (surgical) means to remove clots (corkscrew or suction) - this can be problematic if its difficult to reach
What area has to do with speech comprehension? Which lobe is this in?
Wernicke's area; temporal lobe
"pure" word finding problems with intact production + comprehension
from flow chart -> yes fluent; yes comprehension; yes repeats
*same aphasia just diff ways to think about it
Anomic Aphasia
This type of reading requures a connection between the temporoparietla cortex and inferior frontal cortex
phonological reading
What is encephalitis?
a disorder caused by infectious disease; inflammation of brain caused by bacteria, viruses, or toxic chemicals
What are some ways to assess language?
boston naming test, boston diagnostic aphasia examination, verbal fluency (categorical + semantic), WRAT-4 Word Readings
People with Wernick'es aphasia have impairment in _____ and are _____ of their deficits
comprehension due to 3 deficits: problems w spoken word recognition, comprehension of word meaning, and ability to convert thoughts into words; unaware
Not fluent; no comprehension; and no repeating
Global Aphasia
This is a mass of cells whose growth is uncontrolled + that serves no useful function
*not only located in the brain but CAN be in the brain
tumor
What is the difference between a hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke?
hemorrhagic - CVA accident caused by rupture of cerebral blood vessel
ischemic - CVA accident caused by occlusion of blood vessel
Treatment for stuttering has shown increased activity in _____ ____ _____
superior temporal lobe
What is Pure Word Deafness? It's caused by damage to _______ or disruption of ____
ability to hear, to speak, and (usually) to read and write without being able to comprehend meaning of speech
wernicke's area; auditory input to this region (auditory association cortex)
Which aphasia is the only aphasia with nonfluent vs. fluent spontaneous speech?
Broca's aphasia
This type of reading is related to the visual word-form area (VWFA). Also, what does damage to the VWFA cause?
Whole word reading; alexia
What is a glioma?
Cancerous brain tumor composd of one of several types of glial cells; includes astrocytoma, ependymoma, medulloblastoma, oligodendrocytoma
What is the direction of the pathwasyf for comprehsnsion of words and translation of thoughts into words in the brain?
comprehension of words - goes from primary audtory cortex to wernickes area then to posterior language area and then goes to broca's area and also out to other parts of the brain
translation of thoughts into words - goes into the posterior language area from other parts of the brain