Genetics
The the term used to label our genetic heritage
What is genotype?
These are 3 parts of a neuron
What are cell body, dendrites, and axon?
The concept that each hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions
What is lateralization?
A drug that mimics or strengthens the effects of a neurotransmitter
What is agonist?
The brain and spinal cord
What is central nervous system?
This is created from the interaction of our genetic inheritance and the effects of the environment
What is phenotype?
The space between the axon on one neuron and the dendrites of another
What is the synapse/synaptic gap?
A bundle of axons that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain
What is corpus collosum?
These prevent unused neurotransmitters from being transported back to the neuron
What are reuptake inhibitors?
This is made up of thick bundles of axons, called nerves, carrying messages back and forth between the CNS and the muscles, organs, and senses in the periphery of the body
What is peripheral nervous system?
Sequence of DNA that controls or partially controls physical characteristics known as traits
What is gene?
The part at the end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters
What are terminal buttons?
This is associated with our highest mental capabilities such as consciousness, thought, emotion, reasoning, language and memory
What is cerebral cortex?
Natural opiates, elevate pleasure and alleviate pain
What are endorphins?
This regulates information such as signals about pain and temperature
What is somatic nervous system?
This concept explains that genes set definite limits on potential, and the environment determines how much of that potential is achieved
What is range of reaction?
The term given to electrical impulses flowing the axon
What is action potential?
This serves as the relay center of the brain where most senses (excluding smell) are routed before being directed to other areas of the brain for processing
What is thalamus?
Implicated in the regulation of sleep, mood, attention, learning, depression can be caused by a reduction in this
What is serotonin?
Made up of nerve cells, integrate sensory input and motor output
What are neural networks?
Possession of this will always result in expression of that phenotype
What is a dominant allele?
This process involves moving a neurotransmitter from the synapse back into the axon terminal from which it was released
What is reuptake?
These 3 structures combined are known as the brain stem
What are medulla, pons, and cerebellum?
An inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps control voluntary movement and affects sleep, mood, attention, learning, and the ability to recognize rewards
What is dopamine?
The term for a state of balance – where our body systems are operating at optimum levels
What is homeostasis?