Biodiversity and Speciation
This process happens when two populations' gene pools are separated and they develop into distinct species. (Answer in the form of a term)
What is Speciation?
This single-word term describes the number of births added to a population per unit time.
What is natality?
This strategist type (single letter) is characterized by many offspring, low prenatal care, and short life expectancy.
What are R strategists?
This human action — taking wild animals faster than they can reproduce — is a primary cause of species extinction.
What is overexploitation?
After populations become reproductively isolated, this genetic process can drive further divergence.
What is mutation, natural selection, or genetic drift?
The Kaibab squirrel became its own species after a small population was isolated on the Grand Canyon's rim is an example of this type of isolation
What is geographic isolation?
The growth pattern that produces a J-shaped population curve when resources are unlimited.
What is exponential growth?
Species with long life expectancy typically show this survivorship curve type (I, II, or III)
What is a type I survivorship curve?
A species is considered this before it is considered endangered.
What is a threatened species?
If a population has intrinsic growth rate r, then when r>0 the population size does this; when r=0 it does this; and when r<0 it does this.
What is population expansion, stability, and decline
Twenty species of Galagos cannot interbreed because of differently structured genitalia is an example of this type of isolation
What is mechanical isolation?
Name the ecological concept describing factors that slow growth and cause an initial J-shaped curve to level off into an S-shaped curve.
What are limiting factors?
This type of strategist invests heavily in its offspring, but has fewer of them.
What is a K strategist?
A population pyramid with a very wide base and narrow top is experiencing this.
What is population expansion?
A species with a Type III survivorship curve likely has this fecundity level (high or low)
What is high fecundity?
Two populations of a frog species breed at different times of year—one in early spring, the other in late summer—so gametes never meet; over many generations they diverge. This is an example of this type of isolation
What is temporal isolation?
These two categories describe whether factors like storms or disease affect populations independent of density, or increasingly with density.
What are Density dependent and independent factors?
This type of survivorship curve is marked by most of its population dying off young.
What is a Type III survivorship curve.
Humans cause this density-independent factor.
What is pollution?
One life-history trait that typically differs between K-strategists and R-strategists
age at first reproduction
life expectancy
parental care
fertility
Bird species having many different courtship and mating calls is an example of this type of isolation.
What is Behavioral isolation?
This is an example of a density-independent factor.
What are storms?
What are floods?
What is climate/temperature?
This survivorship curve is characterized by a steady deathrate over the course of the average life of a species member.
What is a Type II survivorship curve?
This ecological principle states that two species competing for the exact same limiting resource cannot coexist indefinitely.
What is the Competitive exclusion principle?
Where density dependent factors are usually biotic, density independent factors are this.
What is abiotic?