Genetics
This molecule carries genetic instructions in almost all living organisms.
What is DNA?
These proteins are made by the immune system to recognize specific pathogens.
What are antibodies?
Tiny machines designed to move through the body for medical purposes are called this.
What are microbots?
Wearing gloves and goggles in the lab mainly helps reduce this.
What is contamination/risk of injury?
This process uses microorganisms like yeast to make foods such as bread, yogurt, and kimchi.
What is fermentation?
The four DNA bases are A, T, C, and G. A always pairs with this base.
What is thymine?
Vaccines help the immune system prepare by exposing it to a harmless form or part of this.
What is a pathogen/antigen?
Organ-on-a-chip technology uses tiny channels and living cells to model how this works.
What is an organ?
This tool is used to measure and transfer very small volumes of liquid accurately.
What is a micropipette?
Crops that have had their DNA changed to give them traits like pest resistance are called this.
What are genetically modified crops / GM crops?
This process makes an RNA copy of a DNA gene.
What is transcription?
Lenacapavir is a long-acting drug used for prevention or treatment of this virus.
What is HIV?
This technology uses living cells as “bio-ink” to build tissue-like structures layer by layer.
What is 3D bioprinting?
This lab technique separates DNA fragments by size using an electric current.
What is gel electrophoresis?
Some bacteria can be used to clean up oil spills or pollutants. This process is called this.
What is bioremediation?
A change in the DNA sequence is called this.
What is a mutation?
A major advantage of long-acting HIV prevention drugs like Lenacapavir is that patients do not need to do this every day.
What is take a daily pill?
Scientists use organ-on-a-chip models because they may reduce the need for this in research.
What is animal testing?
One major ethical concern of gene editing is making changes for appearance, intelligence, or other non-medical traits. This is often called this.
What are designer babies?
This type of bioremediation uses fungi to break down pollutants in the environment.
What is mycoremediation?
This technique is used to make many copies of a specific DNA sequence in a lab.
What is PCR?
Insulin for diabetes can be produced by bacteria that have been given the human insulin gene. This is an example of this technology.
What is recombinant DNA technology?
A lung-on-a-chip might include air flow, blood-vessel cells, and lung cells to simulate this process.
What is gas exchange?
A possible risk of CRISPR is that it edits the wrong part of the genome. This is called this type of effect.
What is an off-target effect?
Golden Rice was genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene, which the body can convert into this vitamin.
What is vitamin A?