Cloning
The process of generating a genetically identical copy of an organism or cell
What is Cloning?
The process of combining DNA from two organisms
What is recombinant DNA?
What does GMO stand for?
Genetically Modified Organism
Purpose of gene therapy
What is to replace a defective gene with a copy of a gene that works?
This technique is used to identify suspects and victims in forensics.
What is DNA fingerprinting?
First mammal cloned in 1997
Dolly the Sheep
A circular piece of DNA found in bacteria cells
What is a plasmid?
rice, corn, papaya, etc...
Used as a vector for gene therapy
What is a virus?
2 examples for use of dna fingerprinting
Crime scenes and paternity tests
Two "cons" of cloning
What is birth defects, shortened life span, expensive, low success rate, ethical issues?
used to cut DNA at certain sequences
What is restriction enzymes?
List one reason why organisms are being modified
1. Make them resistant to herbicides
2. Make them resistant to pesticides
3. Other reasons
Gene therapy targets what part of protein synthesis
What is protein?
DNA fragments that are larger in size are found
What is top of the gel?
Example of cloning you want to make stem cells to use as a medical treatment
What is therapeutic cloning?
An example of the application of recombinant DNA
What is insulin production?
List 2 benefits of GMOs
higher crop yields = more food for people to eat
edible vaccines
List two issues with using gene therapy
1. Activity of the gene diminishes over time
2. costly
3. ethical issues
In gel electrophoresis, the banding pattern is created by what?
What is DNA fragments of varying lengths?
Example of when you want to make another copy of an organism
What is reproductive cloning?
Organism that contains DNA from another organism
What is transgenic organism?
What biomolecule is directly involved with bioengineering?
What is DNA?
List the 3 steps in Gene Therapy
1. Scientists insert the normal gene into a virus
2. Cells from the patient are removed and the virus, which carries the correct gene infects the cell
3. The cell divides with the normal gene and the cells are inserted back into the patient
5 steps of DNA fingerprinting
1. Obtain DNA sample
2. use restriction enzymes to cut dna
3. put DNA on a gel
4. Run the gels
5. Read the bands