Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA & CRISPR)
What is the purpose of recombinant DNA technology?
To insert genes from one organism into another to create new traits
What is cloning?
The process of making a genetically identical copy of an organism.
What does GMO stand for?
Genetically Modified Organism
What does gel electrophoresis do?
It separates DNA fragments by size.
Why is cloning controversial?
It raises concerns about identity, genetic diversity, and potential misuse
What tool is commonly used in gene editing to precisely cut and modify DNA?
CRISPR-CAS9
What is the name of the first cloned mammal?
Dolly the sheep
What is one benefit of using genetically modified crops?
They can resist pests and reduce the need for pesticides.
How does DNA fingerprinting help solve crimes?
It compares DNA samples to identify suspects.
What is an ethical concern with gene editing in humans?
It could lead to unintended mutations and designer babies.
How has recombinant DNA technology been used to help diabetic patients?
It allows bacteria to produce human insulin.
How can stem cells be used in medicine?
They can develop into different types of cells to replace damaged tissues.
How do GMOs help reduce food insecurity?
Increase crop yield and make food more resistant to environmental stress
What are restriction enzymes used for in DNA analysis?
They cut DNA into specific fragments for analysis.
Why do some people oppose GMOs?
Concerns about health risks, environmental impact, and corporate control of agriculture.
What is one advantage of CRISPR over older genetic engineering techniques?
CRISPR is more precise and efficient in editing DNA.
What is one major concern about cloning humans?
Ethical concerns, including identity and genetic diversity issues.
What is a potential concern about GMOs affecting the environment?
They could reduce biodiversity by outcompeting wild plants
What is one real-world application of gel electrophoresis outside of forensics?
Identifying genetic disorders or studying evolutionary relationships
What is the debate surrounding stem cell research?
It involves the destruction of embryos, raising moral and religious concerns.
What are two potential risks of using CRISPR to edit human embryos?
Unintended mutations and ethical concerns about genetic modification in humans.
What is the difference between therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning?
Therapeutic cloning is for medical treatments, while reproductive cloning creates a whole organism.
What is a possible error that could occur when genetically modifying crops?
Unintended changes to plant DNA that may reduce nutritional value or create allergens.
What is a possible error that can occur when using gel electrophoresis in forensic science?
Contamination or degradation of DNA samples, leading to inaccurate results.
What is an example of an ethical error in biotechnology research?
Conducting experiments without proper testing, leading to harmful consequences, such as unregulated human gene editing.