Definition
A mood disorder characterized by episodes of mania, hypomania, and depression.
Bipolar Disorder
Inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, and flight of ideas, irritability, euphoria, hallucinations, delusions,
Symptoms of Mania
Mania lasting less than or equal to 1 week or requiring hospitalization.
Stage I mania
The top priority in caring for a patient with acute mania
Safety
The first line medication for bipolar disorder
Lithium (mood stabilizer)
Bipolar type that requires at least one manic episode.
Bipolar I Disorder
- most severe
- suicide rates:
Men 10%
Women 5%
Elevated or irritable mood lasting at least 4 days, with no psychosis
Hypomania
- still mania, just not induced psychosis and less severe
Symptoms are elevated but not severe enough to mark impairment
Hypomania
The type of food that should be offered to manic patients.
High-calorie finger foods
Anticonvulsant effective for rapid cycling and mixed episodes
Valporic Acid (Depakote)
Bipolar type that involves hypomania and depression, but never full mania.
Bipolar II Disorder
- more depressive
- commonly mixed up with major depressive disorder
A distinct period of low mood with fatigue, hopelessness, and anhedonia.
Bipolar Depression
The most severe stage of mania, with agitation, delusions, hallucinations, and frenzied activity.
Delirious Mania (Stage III)
Communication should be ____ and ____ with a manic patient.
Short & Concise
Anticonvulsant with risk of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome?
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
A chronic, fluctuating mood disturbance lasting at least 2 years, with hypomanic and depressive symptoms not meeting full criteria.
Cyclothymic Disorder
thought disturbance, where words are chosen for their sound, not their meaning.
Clang Association
The theory that repeated stress leads to more frequent and severe episodes.
Kindling Phenomenon
Why should stimulation be minimized in the acute manic patient?
to reduce agitation and prevent escalation of symptoms
Olanzapine (Risperidone, Quetiapine, Lurasidone)
A pattern where 4 or mood episodes occur in a year.
Rapid Cycling
A rapid succession of loosely connected thoughts, typical in mania.
Flight of Ideas
A mood that shifts rapidly from euphoria to irritability.
Labile Mood
Rest is essential during mania. What intervention supports this
Scheduling frequent rest periods in a quiet environment
Biological Therapy is used when medications fail.
ECT therapy