Thermoregulation
Hormones
Nervous System
Cardiovascular System
100
What is bergmann's rule?
Larger in colder climates
100
In response to suckling by a newborn infant, what hormone is responsible for milk ejection/letdown?
oxytocin
100
What type of cell within the nervous system produces cerebrospinal fluid?
ependymal cells
100
blood leaving the left ventricle of the mammal heart is _____________ (oxygenated/deoxygenated) and is heading where?
oxygenated, and heading towards the systemic circuit
200
Provide 2 examples of homeothermy
shivering thermogenesis, torpor, hibernation
200
Alcohol does what to the production of ADH?
inhibits ADH
- leads to no aquaporins to take in water (large volume of dilute urine)
200
What is an action potential that occurs in a postsynaptic cell because of the rapid succession of excitatory from a single synapse?
temporal summation (one neuron firing rapidly)
200
What would happen to your heart rate if you applied acetylcholine to the heart?
heart rate would decrease
300
Would endotherms or ectotherms be able to survive for longer periods of time without food?
ectotherms
300
If a person is given an injection of insulin and it has no effect on blood glucose levels, that individual most likely suffers from what type of diabetes?
Type II
300
Which letter on the action potential depicted most closely resembles the equilibrium potential for potassium?
E (hyperpolarization)
300
The ‘T’ wave in an electrocardiogram is associated with which what?
repolarization of the ventricles
400
If the heart rate of a Galapagos marine iguana decreased when the animal dives into the ocean to feed, would you expect it to cool off faster or slower than another iguana that increased its heart rate?
slower
400
If a cell responds to a hormone with an increase in a second messenger, what type of hormone is most likely acting on the cell?
protein hormone
400
What would happen if the activation gates of sodium channels did not close during the course of an action potential?
The action potential would not be unidirectional
400
What is the correct pathway for the wave of depolarization through the heart?
Sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
500
Active thermogenin in adipose tissue should __________ ATP production and ____________ heat production
(increase/decrease)
decrease ATP production and increase heat production
500
If a person lacked receptors for thyroid hormone, how would this effect their metabolic rate?
it would be very low
(hypothyroidism)
500
Graph 'A’ shows an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron after one of the presynaptic neurons is stimulated. ‘B’ shows the response of the same postsynaptic neuron after a different presynaptic neuron is stimulated. What could explain the differences in the response of the postsynaptic neuron?
Graph A: stimulatory neurotransmitter (ex: ACh)
Graph B: inhibitory neurotransmitter (ex: GABA)
500
What would happen if T-type Ca2+ channels were blocked in pacemaker cells of the heart?
the cell would not gradually depolarize and would not reach threshold for an action potential