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Vocabulary
Vocabulary
São Paulo
Cairo
London and China
100
What is a slum?
Run-down areas of a city characterised by substandard housing and squalor and lacking in tenure security.
100
What is a shanty town?
An area of slum housing constructed from makeshift materials and lacking in amenities such as water supply, sewerage and electricity. Shanty towns often develop spontaneously and illegally (as squatter settlements) in LEDC cities.
100
What precent of São Paulo population lives in slums?
20%
100
What is the average population density in Cairo?
30000 per km^2
100
What is Social exclusion?
The process whereby certain groups are pushed to the margins of society and prevented from participating fully by virtue of their poverty, low education or inadequate life skills. This distances them from job, income and education opportunities as well as social and community networks.
200
What are favelas?
A Brazilian term for an informal, shanty-type settlement. It generally involves the illegal occupation of land by squatters.
200
What is a soft infrastructure?
What is covers housing, education, health, leisure and other associated facilities. These are the social aspects of urban infrastructure.
200
How much land do slums cover in São Paulo?
70% 15000 km^2
200
Where does Cairo metro rank in business?
5th
200
What is In situ urbanization?
A process that occurs when rural settlements transform themselves into urban or quasi-urban entities with very little movement of population.
300
What is a cortices?
Decaying formal housing, mainly in the inner city.
300
What is a hard infrastructure?
refers to transportation, communication, sewage, water and electric systems, etc.
300
What is the ratio of normal population to people living in slums?
1:3
300
How many of the worlds 30 largest slums are in Cairo?
3
300
When was the population at a low of 2.5 million?
1983
400
What is a human development index?
composite index of development devised by the United Nations in 1990 incorporating (a) life expectancy, (b) educational attainment and (c) GDP per capita at purchasing power parity.
400
What is the quality of life?
A term that sums up all the factors that affect a person’s general wellbeing and happiness.
400
What is the poorest district of São Paulo?
Marsalac
400
How many slum dwellers are there greater Cairo?
8 million
400
What is the car ownership in the poorest 10% of Britain's house hold?
18%
500
What are Self-help housing initiatives?
partnership between communities and local government whereby local government frequently supplies building materials and the community supplies the labour.
500
What is a deprivation?
Defined by the Department of the Environment as when ‘an individual’s wellbeing falls below a level generally regarded as a reasonable minimum for Britain today’.
500
What are the locations of favelas?
-near gullies -on floodplains -along railways -on river banks -beside main roads -adjacent to industrial areas
500
When was the first line opened?
1987
500
What is the largest desert in China?
Gobi desert