Civil Rights 1
Born Malcolm Little, this leader advocated for achieving civil rights "by any means necessary."
Who is Malcolm X?
Nine months before Rosa Parks, this 15-year-old was arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat.
Who is Claudette Colvin?
This physician made history as the first Black woman to travel into space.
Who is Dr. Mae Jemison?
This doctor performed one of the first successful open-heart surgeries, a milestone for modern medicine.
Who is Dr. Daniel Hale Williams?
This group of skilled cattle workers and rodeo icons included legends like Nat Love and Bill Pickett.
Who are Black cowboys?
This journalist and anti-lynching activist was a key force in founding the NAACP.
Who is Ida B. Wells?
John Lewis was a founding member of this student-led organization, abbreviated as SNCC.
What is the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee?
She became the first Black professional nurse in the United States.
Who is Mary Eliza Mahoney?
This enslaved man introduced the practice of inoculation to Cotton Mather to help combat smallpox.
Who is Onesimus?
She was a notable Black pioneer and cattle worker known for her fearlessness in the American West.
Who is Mary Fields?
The youngest speaker at the March on Washington, he also led the "Bloody Sunday" march in Selma.
Who is John Lewis?
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech during this massive 1963 event.
What is the March on Washington?
This individual was the first African American to graduate from a medical school in the U.S.
Who is Dr. David Jones Peck?
Black medical pioneers didn't just advance science; they also challenged these specific barriers in healthcare.
What are racial barriers?
A founder of San Francisco, he opened the city’s very first hotel during the 1840s.
Who is William Leidesdorff?
Stokely Carmichael, who also used this name, is credited with popularizing the term "Black Power."
Who is Kwame Ture
These three pillars—equality, justice, and this—were the primary goals of the Civil Rights Movement leaders.
What are equality, justice, and freedom?
She broke political and medical barriers as the first Black U.S. Surgeon General.
Who is Dr. Jocelyn Elders?
This Georgia college housed the first official training school for Black nurses.
What is Spelman College?
Doubling the size of the United States, this massive land deal took place in 1803.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
At age 6, she became the first Black child to integrate an all-white elementary school in the South.
Who is Ruby Bridges?
The bravery of these Black military pilots helped pave the way for the desegregation of the U.S. Armed Forces.
Who are the Tuskegee Airmen?
Known as the "father of blood banking," he revolutionized blood storage and transfusions.
Who is Dr. Charles Drew?
Beyond saving lives, the work of these pioneers advanced this broad field of study.
What is science?
This major transportation breakthrough was first built in 1804, changing how goods and people moved.
What is the steam locomotive?