Amend That!
Ruled that African Americans could not be U.S. citizens
Dred Scott V. Sanford (1857)
Led the Montgomery Boycott, March on Washington, known for his "I have a dream" speech
Martin Luther King Jr.
White supremacist hate group
Ku Klux Klan
Supreme Court rules Alabama segregation laws on public transportation unconstitutional.
Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)
Ended discrimination in military and federal government.
Truman's Executive order 9981 (1948)
Upheld racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Sparked the Montgomery Boycott by refusing to give up her seat of a segregated bus.
Rosa Parks.
Designed to protect blacks from abuse and brutality.
Black Panthers
Whites and Blacks tour the South on buses to promote desegregation and integration
Freedom Riders (1961)
Establishes Civil Rights Commission to enforce right to vote for blacks.
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson; declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional. Huge victory led by Thurgood Marshall and the NAACP.
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Spokesperson for the nation of Islam; emphasized Black pride and self-determination
Malcolm X
Fought segregation through legal battles
NAACP
20 slaves launched an uprising killing whites, confiscating weapons, and liberating slaves
Stono Rebellion (1739)
Enforcement of civil rights through the Justice Department and and justices.
Civil Rights Act of 1960
Struck down laws banning interracial marriage as unconstitutional.
NAACP lawyer who argued Brown V. Board of Education.
Thurgood Marshall
Promoted nonviolent protests and organized marches
SCLC
Led to strict slave and black codes across the South because of 50 Whites murdered
Nat Turner Rebellion (1831)
Abolishes slavery
13th Amendment
Supreme Court decision that weakened the Civil Rights Act of 1875, allowing private segregation—setting back civil rights for decades.
Civil Rights Cases (1883)
Frederick Douglass
Organized the Freedom Rides and supported desegregation through direct action
CORE
Extreme abolitionist raids against federal arsenals in Virginia to launch slave revolt, but failed.
Harper's Ferry (1859)
Federal organization to assist free slaves and southern whites gain employment, education and relief.
Freedman's Bureau