Anatomy
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (PMN) also known as ___________, respond most quickly to bacterial infection and engulf bacteria are categorized as _________.
a. Eosinophils; granular
b. Neutrophils; granular
c. Monocytes; agranular
d. Lymphocytes; granular
e. Neutrophils; agranular
What is "Neutrophils; granular"?
Bulk Flow occurs as a balance of filtration and absorption which is determined by hydrostatic and colloid forces, also known as _____?
a. Fenestrated Forces
b. Net Pressure
c. Starling Forces
d. Venous Return
What is "Starling Forces"?
A hormone or ligand can be considered a _____?
a) First messenger
b) Second messenger
c) Third messenger
d) Fourth messenger
What is "First messenger"?
Which of the following is true about Adrenergic transmission?
a. Dopamine-beta- hydroxylase converts dopamine to NE
b. VaChT translocate dopamine into synaptic vesicles
c. ACh formation in the cytoplasm is catalyzed by choline transferase
d. ACh binds to the Adrenergic receptors (Alpha or beta) on post synaptic membrane
What is "Dopamine-beta- hydroxylase converts dopamine to NE"?
A 43-year-old male patient is present with symptoms of MDD and also with hallucinations and delusions of people following him trying to kill him. What MDD specifier does this patient have?
A) MDD with psychotic features
B) MDD with psychotic features with mood congruent
C) MDD with psychotic features with mood incongruent
What is "MDD with psychotic features with mood congruent"?
What are antibodies that bind foreign particles?
a. Albumin
b. Fibrin
c. Immunoglobulin
d. Leukocytes
What is "Immunoglobulin"?
This treatment is safe for pregnancy-induced hypertension as an alternative for methyldopa.
a. Bisoprolol
b. Carvedilol
c. Propranolol
d. Labetalol
What is "Labetalol"?
Which of the following is FALSE?
A. The binding curve of oxygen and hemoglobin is sigmoidal for a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning
B. In the presence of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, the affinity for oxygen in fetal hemoglobin is unaffected
C. Myoglobin does not use an allosteric effect
D. The allosteric effect will increase the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin
E. None of the above
The trapezius muscle is supplied by the:
A. Spinal accessory nerve
B. Long thoracic nerve
C. Dorsal scapular nerve
D. Thoracodorsal nerve
What is "Spinal accessory nerve"?
Which of the following does NOT treat Panic Disorders?
A) CBT
B) Beta blockers
C) Systemic Desensitization
D) SSRIs
What is "Beta blockers"?
The muscles that produce facial expressions are innervated by the facial nerve except?
a. Orbicularis oculi
b. Orbicularis oris
c. Levator anguli oris
d. Levator palpebrae superioris
What is "Levator palpebrae superioris"
This is produced by the large plasma proteins present in the capillaries, which are not present in the ISF?
a. Hydrostatic Pressure
b. Capillary Colloid Osmotic Pressure
c. Vasoconstriction
d. Mean Arterial Pressure
What is "Capillary Colloid Osmotic Pressure"?
The sympathetic response of the heart is ______________, while the parasympathetic response is _______________.
a. Increase heart rate; increased conduction velocity
b. Increase contractility; decreased heart rate
c. Decrease heart rate; increased contractility
d. Decrease contractility; decreased conduction velocity
e. None; bronchodilation
What is "Increase contractility; decreased heart rate"?
What innervates the diaphragm?
a. Intercostal nerve
b. Phrenic nerve
c. Lumbar ventral rami
d. Thoracodorsal nerve
What is "Phrenic nerve"?
Around what age is Separation Anxiety Disorder diagnosed?
A) 11-12 years old
B) 5-6 years old
C) 7-8 years old
D) 13 or older
What is "7-8 years old"?
Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle?
A. Supraspinatus
B. Infraspinatus
C. Teres major
D. Subscapularis
What is "Teres major"?
A minor is brought to the hospital complaining of difficulties breathing while clutching his chest. His mother explains he has a history of Asthma, what would be the best treatment for the child?
a. Indirect Acting Adrenergic Agonists
b. Direct Acting Adrenergic Agonists
c. Amphetamine
d. Alpha Blockers
What is "Direct Acting Adrenergic Agonists"?
What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
A. Glossopharyngeal nerve
B. Dorsal scapular nerve
C. Long thoracic nerve
D. Thoracodorsal nerve
What is "Thoracodorsal nerve"?
Bob is suffering from Bronchial Asthma, which makes it difficult for him to breath. He constantly experiences chest pain and coughs. He is given albuterol, which helps relieve his symptoms of difficulty in breathing due to bronchial dilation. Which of the following is the most accurate statements about this drug?
a. Albuterol is a M3 agonist
b. Albuterol is a Beta-2 antagonist
c. Albuterol is a M2 agonist
d. Albuterol is a Beta-3 antagonist
e. Albuterol is a Beta-2 agonist
What is "Albuterol is a Beta-2 agonist"?
At what stage (1, 2, or 3) of Non-REM sleep does the following occur:
During this stage of Sarah's sleep, she experiences no eye movement and she rarely dreams. Any time she hears footsteps (while sleeping), Sarah is is easily awakened. Sarah has sleep spindles during this stage which are short bursts of high frequency brain activity and k-complexes which are large spikes in brain activity.
What is "Stage 2"?
What action is performed by the serratus anterior?
a. Adducts the scapula
b. Abducts scapula
c. Retraction and lateral rotation of scapula
d. Elevation, depression, lateral rotation scapula
What is "Retraction and lateral rotation of scapula"
A teenager was brought into the hospital because of hallucinations, feeling of thirst, blurred vision, difficulty speaking and swallowing, and the inability to urinate. What is the potential reason for her symptoms?
a. Ingestion of Jimson Weed
b. Cocaine
c. Propranolol
d. Organophosphate Poisoning
What is "Ingestion of Jimson Weed"?
The action of the gastrocnemius is to:
A. Extend and adduct the femur
B. Plantar flex the ankle
C. Dorsiflex the ankle
D. Abduct the foot
What is "Plantar flex the ankle"?
What is the action of Supraspinatus?
A. Abduction of arm
B. Adduction of arm
C. Lateral rotation of the arm
D. Medial rotation of the arm
What is "Abduction of arm"?
How long must one experience difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep in order to receive a diagnosis of Insomnia Disorder?
A) 3 months or more
B) 2 months or more
C) At least 1 month
D) 3 weeks or less
What is "3 months or more"?