PHARM 1
This heart failure medication could worsen hypocalcemia for a patient with a history of hypothyroidism.
A. Metroprolol
B. Verapamil
C. HCTZ
D. Furosemide
E. Spironolactone
What is Furosemide (D)?
The following mechanism is of a lipid-lowering drug that has common adverse effects of muscle pain and liver toxicity.
A. Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase
B. Binding to bile acid in intestinal lumen
C. Inactivation LDL receptor degradation
D. Inhibition of cholesterol absorption in the small intestine
What is "Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase" (A)?
According to the lecture by Dr. Pavri, this is the time it takes for atherosclerosis to build up on average.
What is Decades?
(CAD often begins in teenage years)
The buildup of this molecule inhibits the citric acid cycle and this buildup interferes with oxidative phosphorylation.
What is NADH?
This is Griffin's favorite sport.
A) Soccer
B) Figure Skating
C) Curling
D) Cornhole
What is soccer?
This best describes the mechanism of action of a prescribed drug for a patient with a history of hypertension coming with complaints of "growing breasts."
A. Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptor
B. Inhibition of Na+/K+/2Cl+ transporter in thick ascending loop
C. Inhibition of NaCl transporter in distal tubule
D. Inhibition of aldosterone receptor
What is inhibition of aldosterone receptor (D)?
This myocardial cardiac action potential phase is most likely to be altered by dofetilide administration.
A. Phase 0
B. Phase 1
C. Phase 2
D. Phase 3
E. Phase 4
What is Phase 3 (D)?
This is the time for revascularization (DTBT).
What is 90 min?
This is the serum protein that encourages the degradation of LDL Receptors/LDL complexes that have been endocytosed.
What is PCSK9?
This is the amount of days that the nacho fries pass at Taco Bell lasts.
A) 10 days
B) 15 days
C) 30 days
What is 30 days?
This describes the mechanism of action of a drug prescribed for a patient with hypertension who is 15 weeks pregnant.
A. Inhibition of non-dihydropyridine calcium channels
B. Blocking of an angiotensin receptor
C. Arterial vasodilation
D. Inhibition of ACE enzyme
What is arterial vasodilation (C)?
These 2 adverse effects can be seen in an 80-year-old man with persistent ventricular tachycardia despite cardioversion, who is now on amiodarone.
A. Bradycardia & hypotension
B. Pulmonary fibrosis & hypothyroidism
C. Edema & gingival hyperplasia
D. Ventricular arrhythmias & AV block
What is pulmonary fibrosis and hypothyroidism (B)?
Name at least 3 leads where we would see the most change as a result of a LAD infarction.
What is V1, V2, V3, V4?
This is the form of energy production preferred by the heart.
What is beta-oxidation?
This was Sidney Kimmel's father's profession.
A) Janitor
B) Physician
C) Taxi Driver
D) Investment Banker
What is taxi driver?
An 8-year-old with a Hx of hypercholesterolemia is referred to the cardiologist because of activity-induced chest pain. She describes chest tightness that develops after walking several blocks and is relieved with rest. The physician prescribes tablets that the patient is place under tongue during episodes of angina.
At low doses, this best describes the primary mechanism(s) by which this medication alleviates the patient's symptoms.
A. Decrease afterload, decrease myocardial oxygen demand
B. Decrease plaque formation
C. Decrease preload, decrease myocardial oxygen demand
D. Decrease platelet activation
What is "decrease preload, decrease myocardial oxygen demand" (C)?
A 70-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital because of worsening congestive heart failure. She also has a history of atrial fibrillation and takes multiple medications. Physical examination reveals pulmonary crackles, an S3 heart sound, and 3+ leg edema. After she is admitted, an ECG is done and shows Torsades de Pointes.
This medication most likely precipitated the arrhythmia shown.
A. Lidocaine
B. Verapamil
C. Sotalol
D. Flecanide
What is Sotalol (C)?
Describe “Reciprocal change” in the context of ACS
What is the “current of injury” that causes ST elevation in one direction and is
“seen” as ST depression by leads that are opposite in position/orientation?
These are the two functions of the only lipoprotein found on LDL.
What is facilitating excretion from the liver and binding to LDL Receptors?
(Apo-B100)
This is the floor in the College Building that has a bridge to the hospital.
A) 2nd
B) 4th
C) 7th
D) 9th
What is 9th (D)?
A 65-year-old woman with congestive heart failure (CHF) is started on a new medication that is known to cause visual disturbances, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
The following best describes the effects of the new medication on cardiac function.
A. Decrease cardiac remodeling and decrease afterload
B. Decrease EDV and decrease preload
C. Increase EF and decrease HR
D. Increase EF and increase HR
What is "increase EF and decrease HR" (C)?
A 38-year-old man presents for follow-up after routine laboratory studies reveal a triglyceride level of 302 mg/dL, an LDL level of 150 mg/dL, and an HDL level of 38 mg/dL. After his abnormal lipid values do not improve adequately with simvastatin, fenofibrate is added to the patient’s medication regimen.
The following mechanism best describes the result of adding this new drug.
A. Inhibition of PPARa
B. Decreases HDL
C. Upregulation of LPL
D. Decrease TG clearance
What is upregulation of LPL (C)?
A 60-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a 2-day history of sharp chest pain and a nonproductive cough. The pain worsens with deep inspiration and improves when he leans forward. Three weeks ago, the patient was diagnosed with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and underwent stent implantation of the right coronary artery. His temperature is 38.4°C (101.1°F) and his blood pressure is 132/85 mm Hg. Cardiac auscultation shows a high-pitched scratching sound during expiration. An x-ray of the chest shows an enlargement of the cardiac silhouette and a left-sided pleural effusion. Which of the following is the most likely underlying cause of this patient's current condition?
A) Outpouching of the ventricular wall
B) Pericardial infiltration with neutrophils
C) Immune response to cardiac antigens
D) Rupture of interventricular septum
What is pericardial infiltration with neutrophils (B)?
This is the Friedewald equation.
What is LDL-C = TC - HC - (TG/5)?
This is the name of SKMC's new dean.
What is Dr. Said A. Ibrahim?