ENT 2
90% of nosebleeds originate from this area.
Bonus: for 500 points, what are the tributaries to this area, and where do they originate from?
What is Kisselbachs plexus?
Anterior & Posterior Ethmoidal a. (V1)
Sphenopalatine a. & Greater Palatine a. (V2)
Superior Labial a. (Facial CN VII)
What ocular muscle is innervated by the trochlear nerve?
What is the superior oblique?
What is the name of the screening test for autism spectrum disorder?
What is the M-CHAT?
What are the 3 main signs of Horner syndrome?
What is Ptosis, Anhidrosis, Miosis? (aka “PAM”)
A 22 y/o male is brought to your clinic with a significant other with a history of obesity and migraines. The patient's partner says that the patient had two separate episodes of tense muscles all over, jerking movements, and passing out. A drug from the class of anti-epileptics may be useful in this situation. (What drug)?
What is Topiramate?
A patient comes to the office with a midline neck mass that moves with swallowing. What is this?
What is a thyroglossal duct cyst?
What optic nerve disease is this demonstrating?
Bonus: Why is checking the eye essential, especially in acute cases?
What is papilledema (or blurring of the optic disc margins from increased ICP)?
Want to assess for papilledema before doing an LP. LP with evident increased cranial pressure tends to cause herniation of brain parenchyma downward. (Not good or fun).
What medication is used to treat severe cases of serotonin syndrome?
What is cyproheptadine?
Splitting is an ego defense common in what personality disorder?
Bonus: What is typically used to treat this disorder?
What is Borderline Personality Disorder?
DBT
You are a neonatology fellow checking in on your patients in the nursery. You notice neonate with a particular pink marking on one side of their face and decide to check their eyes. Fundoscopy is evident of papilledema. The condition this baby has exhibited is the following gene mutation and inheritance pattern.
What is GNAQ (mutation) and somatic mutation resulting in mosaicism?
What is the parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
What is the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)?
What congenital infection is known to cause cataracts?
What is rubella?
What is the treatment for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)?
Bonus: What is the mechanism of action?
What is Bromocriptine & Dantrolene?
Bromocriptine is a DA agonist; Dantrolene is a muscle relaxant that prevents calcium release from the muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum by inhibiting the RYR channel.
One of the key ways to tell a cocaine, LSD, or MDMA overdose from an opioid overdose is this physical exam finding.
Bonus: 300 What is the medication is the exception to this rule?
What is pupil size? (mydriasis in cocaine, LSD, MDMA overdose; miosis in an opioid overdose).
Meperidine
As seen in this demyelinating disease characterized by sudden onset, post-infectious/innocuous white matter degeneration often seen in children, multiple sclerosis also involves white matter degeneration caused by cells from this germ cell layer.
What is mesoderm?
What are the three most common bacteria responsible for otitis media?
What are Strep pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza, and Moraxella catarrhalis?
You have a patient who expresses half of their vision lost on their left side (left visual field), a lesion to this location would result in this visual deficit.
What is the right optic tract?
Which medication can be used to treat depression and can also stimulate the appetite?
What is mirtazapine/Remeron?
According to Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, at what stage do children achieve object permanence?
What is the sensorimotor stage (birth - 2 years old)?
You're doing your EM rotation and you have patient coming in who's partner exclaimed that the patient was having the worst headache of their life and than suddenly lost consciousness. The patient is en route and the attending tells you that this condition typically involves these vessels and is often associated with this genetic disorder.
What is ACOM - ACA junction?
What is ADPKD or Ehler-Danlos Syndrome?
What is the Meniere's Disease Triad and how do you treat it?
What is vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss?
What is a low-salt diet? (Acetazolamide/HCTZ therapy) is also acceptable.
What two systemic diseases are associated with lens dislocations?
Bonus: Where does the lens dislocate in both conditions?
What is Marfan Syndrome and Homocystinuria?
Marfan - Up & Out
Homocystinuria - Down & In
Where is the master clock in the human body?
What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus?
Which hormone can dampen the amygdala/cingulate circuit and increase trust and social comfort?
What is oxytocin?
Of the movement disorders characterized as trinucleotide repeats, the two main disorders we've discussed have resultant atrophy in the following regions.
What is caudate nucleus degeneration in Huntington's Disease (also frontal, temporal atrophy) and spinal & cerebellar degeneration in Friedrieich's Ataxia (DCML, CST, and spinocerebellar tracts)?