Lectins & Neutralizing Agents
This lectin binds to the H antigen
Ulex europeaus
Deferral for Aspirin use?
Deferral for Warfarin use?
Aspirin: 48 hours for platelet transfusions only
Warfarin: 7 days for plasma products only
If symptoms are mild and resolve with treatment, the transfusion may be restarted carefully in this type of Transfusion reaction?
Allergic Reaction
What is the threshold for platelet transfusion to prevent spontaneous bleeding?
10 k/uL
Which disease is screened for in blood donors in only select US states?
Babesia
Expiration of RBCs with CPD, CPDA, AS? (400 points for each!)
ACD/CPD/CP2D: 21 days
CPDA-1: 35 days
Additive solution added to CPD (AS-1, AS-3, AS-5, AS-7): 42 days
1. What is the name of screening test for fetomaternal hemorrhage that detects fetal D+ red cells in maternal Rh negative blood.
2. If this screening test is positive, what is the name of the follow-up acid elution test to quantitate the fetomaternal hemorrhage
3. Calculate the number of Rhogam vials required for this fetomaternal hemorrhage:
Total # fetal red cells counted= 32
Total # maternal red cells counted=2000
1. Rosette test
2. Kleihauer-Betke
3. Number of vials = % Fetal Cells x 50 / 30 + 1 extra vial (4 vials)
Group A1 and A2 red cells can be distinguished by used of this lectin
Dolichos biflorus
The deferral for having received the Rubella vaccine (German measles)
Live attenuated vaccines:
4 weeks for Rubella (German measles) and varicella zoster (chicken pox) "Avoid German Chickens for 4 weeks"
2 weeks for Rubeola (Red measles), Mumps
Which tests must the blood bank perform to rule out acute hemolytic transfusion reactions?
1. Clerical check
2. Visible hemolysis check
3. DAT
4. ABO/Rh typing
What is the proper dose of plasma?
10-20 ml/Kg
Which diseases found in a blood donor require a lookback at previous donations and notification to blood recipients?
HIV and HHCV
HIV screen: antibodies and NAT
HCV screen: antibodies and NAT
After leukocyte reduction, the FDA requires that the number of leukocytes be less than ____ per unit in 95% of RBCs, pooled platelets, and apheresis platelet components
5 x 106
This lectin binds to the B antigen
Bandeiraea simplicifolia
IV drug use not prescribed by a physician
3 months
A donor implicated in this transfusion reaction is deferred indefinitely?
Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)
What is the name of this type of plasma that is separated from whole blood (WB) anytime during the WB storage period at 1- 6°C for up to 5 days after the WB expiration date?
Liquid plasma
(“Never frozen plasma”)
The donor infections disease tests required by the FDA can be found in the ___ for a list of rules and regulations. Similarly, the AABB list their standards in the AABB Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services.
Code of Federal Regulation (CFR)
What is the required dose of irradiation to the unit at the center and peripherally
≥ 25 Gy (2,500 cGy) centrally (no more than 50Gy)
≥ 15 Gy (1,500 cGy) peripherally
This antibody that causes mixed field agglutination resembling refractile copper pennies can be neutralized with guinea pig urine
Anti-Sd(a)
The deferral for having received the Influenza vaccine.
None for toxoids, synthetic, or killed vaccines as long as you are afebrile and asymptomatic: Influenza, Covid, HPV, lyme, Hep A, Hep B, anthrax, cholera, diphtheria, RSV, pneumonia, tetanus or meningitis, but must
Evaluating the patient’s total fluid intake versus fluid output is important in evaluating this transfusion reaction?
Transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO)
An apheresis platelet must contain at least ____ platelets?
3 x 1011
Which has the highest theoretical risk of transmission? HIV, HBV, HCV?
HBV- Largest window period
HIV: 1–2 per 1,000,000 units
Hepatitis C: 1–2 per 1,000,000 units
Hepatitis B: 1 per 200,000–500,000 units
Minimum concentration of fibrinogen and factor VIII in a cryo unit?
≥ 150 mg fibrinogen in each unit
≥ 80 IU Factor VIII per unit
Which substance can neutralize anti-P1?
Pigeon egg fluid and Hydatid cyst fluid
1. Deferral after donation of apheresis double red cell units?
2. Deferral after donation of whole blood unit?
(1000 for each)
1. 16 weeks
2. 8 weeks
What TRALI mitigation strategy is used in the USA (and many other countries)?
1. Male only plasma
2. Women who have never been pregnant
3. Test negative for HLA antibodies
Cryoprecipitate is notable for containing these 5 proteins. (Must name all 5)
1. Fibrinogen
2. Factor VIII
3. vWF
4. Factor XIII
5. Fibronectin
What are the FDA required tests/markers for donor screening of HBV? (Must name all 3)
1. HBsAg
2. HBV DNA
3. Total anti-HBc (IgM and IgG)
Pre-transfusion samples must be kept for how long after transfusion?
At least 7 days