Transmission & Infection control
Many bacteria and viruses can be transmitted to health care workers by what?
(three ways btw)
Needle sticks, Sharp Injury, and Splash Contact
Percutaneous
Any puncture of the surface of the skin
If you picked this cell it means you're ugly. There's no question but if the people agree I'll give you the points.
Btw, you're not actually ugly :) you at least a 5 fr fr
Most frequent blood and body exposures were reported by who?
What percentage was reported?
Nurses; 48.6%
Is there effective post-exposure prophylaxis for Hepatitis C? If so, what is it?
No
The risk of HIV transmission after a percutaneous exposure is what?
0.32% and it equates to 1 in 10
Percutaneous Injury
Any injury that's a puncture of the skin resulting from a sharp instrument.
Exposure prevention and information network noted in their 2015 report that the number of needlesticks was what percentage per occupied bed?
31.7% per occupied bed
Physicians (resident or fellowship training) and attending physicians reported what percentage of blood and body exposures?
7.7%
What are health care workers required to comply with from OSHA?
The recommendations of the OSHA bloodborne pathogens standards
Infection with a bloodborne pathogen can occur after contact with what?
A contaminated surface
What is OSHA and what does it do?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration;
This organization has federal powers to examine and inspect workplaces to enforce safe and healthful working conditions. Sets rules and regulations to prevent health hazards.
What did Henderson estimate in 2012?
Each year almost one in every ten has a needlestick exposure.
Non-lab technologists reported what percentage of blood and body exposures?
4.5%
The majority of occupational exposures to infections from these viruses are caused by what?
Percutaneous Injury
What is the first step in managing exposure to a bloodborne pathogen?
Cleaning the exposed area and reporting the exposure immediately
How many factors are there for infection after a bloodborne pathogen exposure?
12
A 2018 article that had surveyed 358 medical students and 247 members of the surgery department found what percentage of needlestick injuries?
38.7%
Respiratory therapists reported what percentage of blood and body exposures?
3.6%
The CDC and prevention have estimated in the US how many needlesticks a year?
385,000 needlesticks
What drugs can cause potentially serious drug interactions, especially when used with post-exposure prophylaxis drugs
Oral contraceptives, H2 receptor antagonists, Proton pump inhibitors
The 12 factors for infection after bloodborne pathogen exposure are what? lol sorry I ran out of questions
1. Amount of blood injected 2. Availability of post-exposure prophylaxis 3. Depth of injury 4. Health status of the source person 5. Hollow bore needle 6. Immune system competency 7. placement of the injury device in a vein or artery 8. Prevalence of pathogen in the population 9. The pathogen 10. Type of injury 11. Viral load 12. Visible blood on a needle or sharp
In 2001, what standard from OSHA was amended to include the needlestick safety and prevention act?
OSHA standards developed to protect at-risk employees
CNA's and Home Health Aids (HHA) reported what percentage of blood and body exposures?
3.2%
OSHA bloodborne pathogen standards require employees to have a plan for what?
The management of exposures to bloodborne pathogens