a potential space in the pleural cavity. The most common space under pathologic conditions to fill with fluid and cause breathing difficulty.
What is the costodiaphragmatic recess?
100
in approximately 75% of hearts, this is the artery that determines heart dominance, and it is on this side.
What is posterior interventricular branch on the right coronary artery?
100
a potential site of herniation, especially in females
What is the femoral ring? protrudes into the femoral canal
100
the site in the gluteal region that you would want to use in injection to avoid the sciatic nerve or the vessels/nerves that pass inferior to the piriformis muscle
What is the superior lateral quadrant?
100
can be palpated between the medial malleolus and the calcaneal tendon. its absence can be a sign of intermittent claudication
What is the posterior tibial pulse?
200
Has a close relationship to the aortic arch in the superior mediastinum. Tumors or aneurysms in this area may cause it to become compressed, resulting in hoarseness.
What is the left recurrent laryngeal nerve?
200
this is a remnant of an embryonic structure that delivers oxygen/nutrient rich blood to the left atrium and bypasses the right ventricle.
What is fossa ovalis (embryonic structure is foramen ovale)?
200
DAILY DOUBLE:
superficial and perforating veins have valves that prevent backflow of blood. If these valves become incompetent, vessels become distended and toruous, resulting in this condition in this vein
What is varicose veins in the great saphenous vein?
200
in injury to this nerve, a patient may experience paralysis of the flexors of the knee, all muscles below the knee, and widespread numbness on the posterior aspect of the lower limb.
What is the sciatic nerve?
200
food or foreign bodies get lodged in this area of the laryngopharynx during swallowing and may injure the internal laryngeal nerve
What is the piriform recess?
300
Serves as an important landmark during bronchoscopy. It separates the right and left bronchi and is positioned slightly to the left
What is the carina?
300
a finger can be passed in this space, posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
What is the transverse pericardial sinus?
300
this is one of the most frequently injured nerves in the body because of its superficial position and relationship to the head and neck of the fibula. Its injury results in this condition
What is the common fibular nerve, foot drop and sensory loss on the dorsum of the foot?
300
a cut down can be made here to expose the great saphenous vein in patients in shock or with collapsed veins. A cannula can be inserted here.
What is near the medial malleolus?
300
four of the six things that the thoracic plane passes through
What is the bifurcation of the trachea and pulmonary trunk, the aortic arch, highest point of the pericardial sac, azygos into SVC, and the division of the mediastinum?
400
the parietal pleura is extremely sensitive to pain, and may produce referred pain projected to dermatomes supplied by the same spinal ganglia and segments. This is where the mediastinal and central diaphragmatic parts would refer pain to
What is the root of the neck and shoulder (C3-C5 dermatomes)?
400
DAILY DOUBLE:
a potentially lethal condition where the heart is compromised by excessive fluid in the pericardial category. This is characterized by Beck's triad, which includes these 3 components
What is cardiac tamponade and low BP, distended neck veins, and distant heart sounds?
400
a contusion of the iliac crest usually at its anterior part
What is hip pointer injury?
400
edema and pain in the area of the distal 2/3 of the tibia from repetitive microtrauma of the tibialis anterior. Often from overexertion or sudden overuse
What is shin splints?
400
the action of the big toe that the medial plantar nerve is not responsible for
What is adduction?
500
where a chest tube will be placed in relation to the margin of rib
What is above the costal margin?
500
two of the three structures that an ascending aortic aneurysm could could exert pressure on
What is the esophagus, trachea, and recurrent laryngeal nerve?
500
the danger of occluding/ligating the femoral artery above the deep femoral branch, and the danger of occluding/ligating the femoral artery below the deep femoral branch
What is internal bleeding in the abdomen and ischemia of the knee, leg and foot?
500
the artery that supplies most of the head and neck of the femur. fractures of the femoral neck often disrupt it and the femoral head may undergo aseptic vascular necrosis if it is not repaired
What is the medial circumflex femoral artery?
500
QUADRUPLE JEOPARDY
1) the vibration felt on a patient's chest or back with the ball of your hand when they say "99". an increase indicates fluid in the alveoli (consolidation) and a decrease indicates a block or no underlying lung tissue
2) a positive test is if the patient says key and it sound like a nasal bleating "aaa" sound
3) a positive test is if the patient says "99" and it is loud and clear instead of muffled
4) a positive test is if the patient whispers "99" and it is louder and clearer instead of muffled
What is
1) tactile fremitus
2) egophony
3) bronchopony
4) pectoriloquy