ID
In addition to O2, what are the pharmacological treatments of choice for an HIV patient with Pneumocystis pneumonia and a PaO2 of 54 mmHg?
TMP-SMX and corticosteroids
Which chemotherapeutic drug can be used in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis?
Methotrexate
What is the Ottawa Ankle rule for x-ray?
Pain near the maleolus AND
Inability to bear weight immediately and in the ED (4 steps) OR
Tenderness at posterior edge or tip of lateral malleolus OR
Tenderness at posterior edge or tip of medial malleolus
How does the fractional excretion of Na (FENa) change in prerenal azotemia?
Decreased, <1%
What is the only muscle in the body that is attached from one end?
Tongue
What is the likely diagnosis and causative organism in a patient that presents with a 1-day history of fever and a warm, tender, erythematous rash with raised, well-demarcated borders?
Erysipelas due to S. pyogenes
What is the name of the deformity with flexion of the PTP with hyperextension of the DIP called?
Boutonniere deformity
What is the most effective preventative intervention in almost all patients in reducing mortality risk?
Smoking cessation
What is the best test to screen for the initial stages of diabetic nephropathy?
Urine test for microalbumin:creatinine ratio
What is a group of owls called?
Parliament
Which drugs are used for prophylaxis in travelers to prevent malarial infection?
Mefloquine, atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or tafenoquine
What is the name of the deformity with extension of the PIP and flexion of the DIP called?
Swan neck
What age should patients with a first-degree relative with colon cancer be screened and what modality should be used?
At age 40 or 10 years prior to their relative’s presentation (whichever comes first) via colonoscopy
Often leads to end-stage renal disease, is characterized by the formation of multiple cysts in the kidneys and is associated with mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes.
What is polycystic kidney disease
What is a single strand of spaghetti called?
Spaghetto
What is the CURB-65 criteria for patients with community-acquired pneumonia? Criteria and score meaning.
C: Confusion
U: Urea > 20 mg/dL
R: RR ≥ 30/min
B: SBP <90 or DBP <60 mmHg
65: Age ≥ 65
Score 0 or 1: Outpatient treatment
score ≥ 2: Inpatient treatment
score ≥ 3: Consider ICU
What does CREST in CREST syndrome stand for?
Calcinosis/Calcium deposits
Raynaud's phenomenon
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia
This genetic condition, resulting from a mutation in the RET proto-oncogene, is characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytomas, and primary hyperparathyroidism.
What is Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN 2)
This autoimmune condition can lead to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and is characterized by the presence of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies.
What is Goodpasture syndrome?
What is the only known group of living mammals that lay eggs, rather than bearing live young?
Monotreme
When presented with a wound, consideration for tetanus vaccination begins with determining whether ___ (number) lifetime doses have been given or not. How does this number affect your decision-making?
If <3 lifetime doses, then the timing of the wound relative to the last booster/vaccination doesn't matter (clean → Tdap; dirty → Tdap + TIG)
If 3+ lifetime doses, then TIG (tetanus IVIg) will never be needed
What is the likely diagnosis in a diabetic patient with a severely deformed foot? X-ray shows bony destruction, decreased bone mass, osteophytes, and loss of joint spaces.
Charcot joint (neurogenic arthropathy)
This syndrome, characterized by recurrent headaches, abdominal pain, and skin lesions, is associated with mutations in the MEFV gene and often requires the use of colchicine for prophylaxis.
What is familial Mediterranean fever (FMF)?
What is the specific type of renal tubular abnormality caused by a defect in the renal proximal tubules, leading to impaired bicarbonate reabsorption and can be associated with conditions like Fanconi syndrome.
What is Type 2 renal tubular acidosis (proximal RTA)
Where was Marie Antoinette spotted and caught after the French revolution?
Varennes (Not far from the Belgian border, they were returned to Paris)