Atoms
Water has the ability of cohesion and adhesion because of what type of bond?
Polar Covalent bonds.
How do cohesion and adhesion work together when water is traveling up a plants xylem?
Adhesion allows water to stick to the sides of the xylem and cohesion lets water stick to other water molecules which pulls the water up the xylem.
Fats and oils are examples of what macromolecule?
Lipids
What is all matter made of?
Atoms
What does lactase do and what does it mean to be lactose intolerant?
Lactase breaks down lactose and people with lactose intolerance are not able to produce lactase to bresak down lactose.
What is an ionic bond?
A bond between atoms in which one ion gives up an electron to another ion so the two are of opposite charges and attract
True or false, ice has a higher density than water, causing it to sink
False, ice is less dense than water, causing it to float on the surface
What are the four major groups of macromolecules?
Lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
What is a hypothesis?
A specific, testable, proposed explanation for an observation that has potential to be proven wrong.
Define enzyme.
Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.
What is a covalent bond?
A bond in which two or more atoms share electrons.
What is surface tension? (Use a specific property of water to explain your answer)
Water molecules’ ability to stick together through cohesion on the surface of water to provide that provide a layer of film on top of it.
This macromolecule has amino acids and polypeptides as its monomers and polymers.
Proteins
What should you always wear during a lab?
Goggles, gloves, and an apron (PPE)
What are two examples of enzymes?
Sucrase, lactase, ATP synthase, etc.
Name the main three subatomic particles and describe their charges
Protons- positive (+1), Electron- negative (-1), Neutrons- neutral (0).
Why is water a universal solvent?
It is polar, allowing some substances easily dissolve in it.
What are the monomers and polymers of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides
If a substance has a pH less than 7, what is it?
Acidic
What is a denatured enzyme and how does one become denatured?
Enzyme that has its active site changed by an external force that can no longer perform its function. pH and extreme heat can denature an enzyme.
What is an isotope?
An atom of an element that has a different number of neutrons and different characteristics.
How does ice provide insulation for water?
Ice is less dense than water which allows it to float to the surface. The ice then traps any heat that already resided within the water, which provides insulation
What are some examples of carbohydrates?
Glucose, starch, pasta, etc.
What is the main difference between an allergy and intolerance?
Allergy is triggered in immune system, intolerance occurs within the stomach.
What is something someone who is lactose intolerant can take? What does this allow them to do?
They can take lactaid, allows lactase to enter their stomach which allows them to break down foods with lactose in them.