BNA
(Pre-Confederation)
(Pre-Confederation)
What was the economy based on in the Eastern Atlantic Colonies?
English and French men married First Nations women. Their children were a mixed race group of people that were known as.....
Metis
Many people in BNA had what occupation?
Farmers
What was built to go around rivers that had rapids and waterfalls making travel difficult?
Canals
When, and by what was the Dominion of Canada Created?
What was the economy based on in the Central Colonies?
Manufacturing, The Fur Trade and Farming.
Before 1840 there were more French than English-speaking people in BNA. Between 1840-1860, more English-speaking people came to live in BNA. Tens of thousands came from:
Ireland, Scotland, England, and Wales
The main cash crop was what?
Wheat
How did the steam engine improve transportation?
Powered steamboats could carry people much faster and farther until rivers became frozen.
What are the two reasons that the Underground Railroad got its name?
Railroad because the secret language used railway words
What was the economy based on in the Western Colonies?
The Fur Trade
The largest group of people to come to BNA during the Great Migration were the Irish. What caused them to come to BNA?
The Irish Potato Famine, to escape hunger, and for a better life.
What is the other name for taxes?
Tariffs
What was built to help make travelling over land faster and easier, and could run all year round?
The Railroad
What did the British Call Wheat?
Corn
What were the 3 most populous colonies?
Canada West, Canada East and Nova Scotia
The poorest immigrants had to travel on timber ships where men, women, and children were crowed in a small area. There was not enough food, water, light or air. So many people died from horrible conditions that the timber ships began to be called what?
‘Coffin Ships’ or ‘Fever Ships’
From 1750 to 1850 Britain was having what?
An Industrial Revolution
What were the 2 negative ways the Railroad impacted life in BNA (economic factors)?
Created more debt (negative)
Increased taxes (negative)
Where did 80% of the overall population live in the 1860s?
Outside of towns or cities
What were the first 4 colonies in the Dominion of Canada?
Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia
People who were against slavery were called what?
Abolitionists
What did Canada and the U.S. get from the Reciprocity Treaty?
Province of Canada would not pay taxes on wheat, timber, coal, fish, or potatoes going into the United States for 10 years
American fishers could fish in British waters off the Atlantic coast
List 2 of the positive ways the railways affected life in BNA:
Trade increased because products could travel faster and farther
Towns and cities that were on railway routes grew
Railways created more work/jobs
Travelling took less time
People could work far away or visit friends and families in other towns
What are 2 ways that the Great Migration changed life in BNA?
After the great migration, there were more English in Canada West than French in Canada East
English wanted more power in the government
French began to worry about the survival of their language and culture
New immigrants needs land, shelter, food and jobs to survive
Changes in economic conditions