Vocab 1
What is an Atom?
Smallest particle of an element that retains the element's properties
What is the Periodic Table?
The organized array of all the chemical elements in order of increasing atomic number
What is the Mass Number?
Sum of the protons and nuetrons.
What is the Atomic Number?
Number of protons in an atom of an element
What is John Dalton's Model of the atom called now?
Billiard Ball Model
What is a Radioactive Element?
Elements in which the nucleus breaks down and gives of particles and energy
What is the Octet Rule?
Idea that all atoms of elements want to gain or lose electrons to get to either a full outer shell of electrons or have a total of 8 valence electrons
What does Subatomic mean?
Smaller than an atom
What is most of the atom?
Empty space
What did J.J. Thomson add to the model of the atom?
Electrons
What are Semiconductors?
Elements that conduct an electric current under certain conditions
What are Bohr Models?
Drawings of atoms that show the total number of protons and neutrons as well as the locations of all of the electrons of the atom
What is the Nucleus?
The small, positively charged center of the atom
Why is the nucleus positively charged?
Because it has protons in it which have a positive charge and neurons which have no charge.
What did Niels Bohr add to the model of the atom?
Energy levels aka electron rings/orbits
What are Quarks?
Smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons
What are Lewis Dot Models?
Simple way to show the number of valence electrons of an atom
What two subatomic particles are made out of Quarks?
Protons and Neutrons
Who was the first person to come up with the idea of the atom?
Democritus
Who revived and expanded upon Democritus's idea of the atom?
John Dalton
What are Isotopes?
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons than expected
What is Average Atomic Mass?
Weighted average of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element
What are the three subatomic particles, their charges, and their locations?
Proton = positive charge and in the nucleus
Neutron = no charge and in the nucleus
Electron = negative charge and outside the nucleus
What does Atomos mean?
Uncuttable
What did Earnest Rutherford add to the model of the atom?
Nucleus