Week 1
It's the hydroxyl group in a pentose
What is a ribose?
Linear sequence of amino acids
What is primary structure of a protein?
Amino acids are formed by what type of bond?
What is peptide bonds
The functional unit of heredity
What is a gene?
1 parent double-stranded DNA results in 2 template strands
What is semi-conservative replication?
Side chain that differs between the 20 amino acids
What is an R group?
The simplest nonpolar amino acid is
What is glycine
The complex of DNA and tightly bound protein
What is chromatin?
Genes related by descent from an ancestral gene
What are homologs?
Strong covalent bond formed between two cysteine side chains
What is a disulfide bond?
These are molecules that work together to bring macromolecules together in the center to form a structural complex
What are scaffolding proteins
Responsible for ensuring that a gene is turned on or off, expressed appropriately, and only in the correct place
What are regulatory DNA sequences?
Formed when atoms of opposite charge are brought into proximity of each other
What is an ionic bond?
Connection using glycine or proline to form quick turns between two anti-parallel protein strands
What is a Beta-hairpin motif?
What does the km measure as discussed in the Michaelis-Menten kinetics?
What is the affinity of the enzyme for the substrate
The protein-DNA complex responsible for the first and most basic level of chromosome packing; "beads on a string"
What is a nucleosome?
Metabolic biosynthesis process that uses energy to build ordered structures from smaller building blocks
What is anabolism?
Evolutionary process in which functional domains and proteins are reused to create different genes
What is domain shuffling?
post-translation modification where a ubiquitin protein is covalently attached to a target protein
What is ubiquitination
A gene's activity is reduced or silenced due to its relocation along the chromosome, usually closer to more highly condensed chromatin
What is a position effect?