Histology, Embryology,
Anatomy, Physiology
Anatomy, Physiology
Head & Neck Anatomy
Dental Anatomy
Radiology & General Pathology
Oral Pathology
Microbiology & Immunology
100
what is the difference between these cell junctions: desmosome vs hemidesmosome
desmosome: cell to cell
hemidesmosome: cell to non-cellular
100
A cavity within a bone is called
a sinus
100
what type of lingual papillae are found near the base of the tongue?
Circumvallate
100
Who discovered radiation
Wilhelm Roentgen
100
what is this lesion called?
pyogenic granuloma
100
microbes that tolerate zero O2
obligate anaerobes
200
4 types of tissue
nerve
epithelium
connective
muscle
200
what is the landmark for nasopalatine nerve block?
incisive foramen
200
how do pulp chambers of primary teeth compare to permanent teeth?
larger
200
What are the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation?
Rubor (redness)
Tumor (swelling
Dolor (pain)
Calor (heat)
Loss of function
200
what are two other names for NUG
trench mouth
Vincent's infection
200
multicellular, macro parasites that are part of the animal kingdom
helminths
300
neural crest cells involved in facial and oral development are derived from which embryonic tissue?
ectoderm
300
the mandible articulates with which bone?
temporal
300
which incisal angle is sharper: mesial or distal
mesial
300
higher kVp = higher or lower contrast?
lower
300
which lingual papillae are affected by geographic tongue?
filiform
300
which two WBC are phagocytes
neutrophils and macrophages (mature monocytes)
400
a solution that has a lower concentration than the cytosol inside the cell is said to be:
hypotonic
400
muscles of mastication are innervated by which nerve?
cranial nerve V (trigeminal)
400
roots tend to flex or curve in which direction?
distally
400
which leukocyte is the primary WBC in inflammation for the first 6-12 hours?
neutrophil
400
which teeth are most affected by fusion?
incisors
400
which type of microscopy allows for visualization of living specimen: light field or dark field
dark field
500
the development of ______ is completely dependent on presence of dental roots or implants
alveolar bone
500
which muscle of facial expression pulls the corners of the mouth laterally (smiling)?
buccinator
500
what are the fringe-like processes found on the ventral surface of the tongue
plica fimbriatae
500
what are the three exposure factors on an x ray control panel?
mA (milliamperage)
kVp (kilovoltage peak)
time
500
this type of anemia increases the risk of oral cancer
iron deficiency
500
illness caused by streptococcus pyogenes
scarlet fever
600
list 4 of the 5 connective tissues`
bone
cartilage
reticular
bone marrow
lymphoid
600
what type of joint action occurs in the TMJ during opening?
hinge followed by glide
600
distal step occlusion develops into:
class II
600
what is the name for chemicals that produce fever?
pyrogens
600
which mineral is found in high levels in the blood of those with osteomalacia or rickets?
calcium
600
viruses that multiply in bacteria are called
bacteriophages
700
this neurotransmitter stimulates contraction of skeletal muscle
acetylcholine (ACh)
700
which muscle of facial expression surrounds the mouth?
orbicularis oris
700
name the bony protrusion seen on the maxilla over the roots of the canines
canine eminence
700
inflammatory mediators tumour necrosis factor (TNFa) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) are produced by:
macrophages
700
name this cyst: radiolucency in the jaw that scallops around roots, teeth remain vital.
simple bone cyst
700
____ attaches to already carious lesions and contributes to caries progression
lactobacilli
800
an URTI can spread via the Eustachian tube from the nasopharynx to which anatomical space?
middle ear
800
which muscle functions to elevate and retract the mandible?
Temporalis
800
which tooth type (regardless of arch) typically has the shortest roots?
incisors
800
beam quality is dictated by ____ whereas beam quantity is dictated by ____.
(options: mA, kVp)
quality = kVp
quantity = mA
800
what treatment is often needed to save a tooth with dens invaginatus?
endodontic
800
spongiform encephalopathies are caused by
prions
900
the enamel organ develops from which tissue?
epithelium
900
which artery supplies mandibular teeth?
inferior alveolar
900
class II division ____ occlusion exhibits flaring of the anteriors
division 1
900
type of wound healing in which the edges are separated, leading to a large amount of granulation tissue filling the space and substantial scar formation
secondary intention
900
name this cyst: from the degeneration of a tooth germ during development, occurs in place of a tooth. asymptomatic but results in lack of a tooth in that place. is a well defined radiolucent oval.
primordial cyst
900
Which lymphocyte intensifies the immune response and produces cytokines?
T-lymphocytes
1000
parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes increased blood calcium by stimulating which cells
osteoclasts
1000
which branch of the trigeminal nerve supplies all four muscles of mastication?
mandibular
1000
when does tooth movement toward eruption begin?
once crown enamel formation is complete
1000
magnification of an image is reduced when the target-Receptor distance is increased / reduced
reduced
1000
what is occurring with the above teeth?
concrescence
1000
how long does it take for gingivitis to become clinically evident following plaque formation?
14-21 days (2-3 weeks)
1100
two oral tissues that contain free nerve endings:
dental pulp
oral epithelium
1100
muscles of mastication are innervated by which nerve?
cranial nerve V (trigeminal)
1100
most teeth crowns are tipped facially/buccally. which teeth are the exceptions?
mandibular posteriors
1100
what are the two mechanisms of radiation injury?
ionization
radiolysis of water
1100
which oral structure is affected by pleomorphic adenoma?
salivary glands
1100
true or false: prokaryotes store their genetic information in a structure called the nucleus
false, they store them in single circular genes or in plasmids
1200
closure of the semilunar valves indicates which heart sound; first or second
second
1200
which deep cervical node is easily palpated when enlarged and is found near the angle of the mandible?
jugulodigastric
1200
where is primate spacing located?
between the max canine and lateral incisor
between the mand canine and first molar
1200
name the transient specialized repair tissue
granulation tissue
1200
which bone dysplasia shows soap bubble radiolucencies in the jaws on rads?
cherubism
1200
which two strep species are not present in the oral cavity unless there are teeth
mutans and sanguinis
1300
urea, which is produced in the _____, is transported to the kidneys for excretion
liver
1300
which branch of the maxillary nerve supplies the anterior hard palate and lingual gingiva of max ants?
Nasopalatine
1300
which premolar exhibits two roots 60% of the time
maxillary first premolar
1300
what three things determine the speed of film?
silver halide crystal size
thickness of emulsion
presence of radiosensitive dyes
1300
name this phenomenon: pressure or trauma to mucosa leads to vesicle formation which later ruptures to form an ulcer
nikolsky's sign
1300
microbes that digest organic compounds and obtain carbon from glucose are termed ______ microbes
heterotrophic
1400
stage of tooth development where enamel organ begins to form
cap stage
1400
which branch of the maxillary nerve supplies the maxillary premolars and the mesiobuccal root of the 6's?
middle superior alveolar
1400
by which age are all permanent teeth except for third molars in development?
3 years
1400
what are the four amino acids that make up DNA?
cytosine
adenine
thymine
guanine
1400
what has occurred with the above teeth?
dens invaginatus
1400
ascomycota are used to develop this medication
penicillins
1500
an injury to cranial nerve VII during inferior alveolar nerve block may result in what?
loss of function of facial muscles
1500
which muscle functions to protrude the mandible?
lateral pterygoid
1500
what are mammals that develop two sets of teeth called?
diphyodonts
1500
which landmark is indicated by the arrow
inferior nasal concha
1500
which virus is responsible for the development of hairy leukoplakia in a patient with HIV/AIDS
Epstein-barr virus
1500
the ratio of bacteria:epithelial cells of the tongue is
100:1