Orthopedics
A patient following a THA using a posterolateral surgical approach experiences hip instability. Which finding would BEST explain the reason for the instability?
1. trabecular bone erosion
2. femoral nerve paralysis
3. posterior capsule damage
4. hip abductor weakness
posterior capsule damage
A PT completes a respiratory exam on a patient in an acute care hospital. The examination reveals decreased breath sounds and decreased fremitus. This finding is most indicative of:
1. pleural effusion, 2. pulmonary edema, 3. consolidation, 4. atelectasis
pleural effusion
A PT notices that a patient with a transfemoral amputation consistently takes a longer step with the prosthetic limb than the contralateral limb. The MOST likely cause of the deviation is...
a. weak abdominal muscles
b. hip flexion contracture
c. weak residual limb
d. fear and insecurity
b. hip flexion contracture
Name one intervention that can be used to facilitate desensitization of a limb
Weight bearing, massage, tapping, residual limb wrapping
A PT performs gait training activities with an 8-year old child who utilizes a reciprocating gait orthosis. Which medical diagnosis is MOST often associated with the use of this type of orthotic device?
1. CP, 2. Down syndrome, 3. Legg-Calve-Perthes, 4. Spina bifida
Spina bifida
A pt is referred to PT with a diagnosis of TMJ pain. After completing an exam, the PT suspects that the patient may actually be experiencing referred visceral pain. Which organ is MOST likely involved?
heart
A PT employed in an acute care hospital observes that a patient has seemed to recently gain weight. Which medical condition would MOST likely be associated with this type of scenario?
a. Addison's disease
b Graves disease
c. congestive heart failure
d. Crohn's disease
CHF
A patient presents to a PT evaluation 25 minutes late. The patient has not been seen in PT previously, and was scheduled for a 45 minute block of time. The patient referral indicates that they are 10 days s/p medial meniscectomy. The MOST appropriate PT action is:
a. begin the examination
b. design an HEP
c. consult with the patient's physician
d. ask the patient to reschedule
a. begin the examination
A PT completes a series of UE resistance tests on a patient with suspected cervical spine pathology. Which myotome would BEST be assessed by testing shoulder abduction strength?
C5
A child with a unilateral hip disarticulation works on advanced gait training activities. Which of the following activities would be the MOST difficult for the patient?
a. rising from a wheelchair
b. ascending stairs with a handrail
c. descending stairs with a handrail
d. ascending a curb
ascending a curb
A patient with a transtibial amputation ambulates in your PT gym. The patient exhibits an extended knee during early stance on the prosthetic side. The MOST appropriate action to resolve the patient's difficulty is:
1. Plantarflex the foot
2. soften the heel wedge
3. move the foot anteriorly
4. dorsiflex the foot
Dorsiflex the foot
A PT reads in the medical chart that a patient is taking digitalis. The patient is MOST likely taking this to treat...
a. angina
b. atrial fibrillation
c. hypertension
d. thrombus formation
atrial fibrillation
A PT prepares to treat a patient diagnosed with impingement syndrome with iontophoresis directly over the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle. What bony landmark BEST corresponds to this site?
greater tubercle of the humerus
A PT uses repeated contractions to strengthen the quad muscle of a patient that fails to exhibit the desired muscular response throughout a portion of the range of motion. This PNF should be applied:
a. with the extremity placed into a shortened range within the pattern
b. at the point where the desired muscle response begins to diminish
c. at the end of the available ROM
d. with a maximal contraction of the antagonistic muscle group
b. at the point where the desired muscle response begins to diminish
A PT examines an infant in the neonatal ICU. Which information from the medical chart provides the MOST compelling evidence that the child is high risk for Cerebral palsy?
a. birth weight of 2000 grams
b. Apgar score of 8 at 1 minute
c. periventricular leukomalacia
d. premature birth at 34 weeks
c. periventricular leukomalacia
A pt demonstrates a significant loss of strength when trying to grasp a cup. However, the pt has much less difficulty when holding onto a pencil. This type of clinical scenario is consistent with pathology affecting what nerve...
ulnar
A PT attempts to auscultate over the aortic valve. Which of the following areas is the MOST appropriate to isolate the desired valve?
a. 2nd left IC space at the left of the sternal border
b. 2nd right IC at the right of the sternal border
c. 4th left IC space along the lower left sternal border
d. 5th left IC space at the midclavicular line
b. 2nd right IC at the right of the sternal border
A PT performs an examination on a 27 year-old male dx with ITB syndrome. Patient is an avid distance runner averaging 45-60 miles per week prior to experiencing pain in his knee. Standing posture reveals a varus position at the knee and a cavus foot. When palpating the lateral portion of the LE, which area would MOST likely exhibit marked tenderness?
a. lateral femoral condyle
b. lateral joint line
c. lateral tibial condyle
d. fibular head
a. lateral femoral condyle
A patient with several motor and sensory abnormalities exhibits signs of autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Which of the following is NOT an indicator of increased sympathetic involvement?
a. anxiety, distractability
b. mottled, cold, shiny skin
c. constriction of the pupils
d. rapid, shallow breathing
Which combination of orthoses and assistive devices would be the MOST appropriate for energy efficient ambulation in a 7 year-old child with L1-L3 spina bifida?
a. AFO+rolling walker
b. AFO+standard walker
c. RGO (reciprocating gait orthosis) +rolling walker
d. RGO (reciprocating gait orthosis)+standard walker
c. RGO (reciprocating gait orthosis) +rolling walker
A physician completes a physical exam on a 16-year-old male soccer player who injured his knee while playing in a game yesterday. The physician's preliminary dx is grade II ACL injury. Which of the following diagnostic tools would be the MOST appropriate in the immediate medical management of the patient?
XRAY
A patient rehabbing from a bone marrow transplant is referred to PT for exercise program instruction. The PT plans to use O2 sats as a measurement to gain additional objective data related to the patient's exercise tolerance. Assuming the patient's O2 sats were measured at 95% at rest, which of the following guidelines would be MOST appropriate?
a. d/c exercise with O2 sats below 95%
b. d/c exercise with O2 sats below 90%
c. d/c exercise with O2 sats below 85%
d. d/c exercise with O2 sats below 80%
b. d/c exercise with O2 sats below 90%
Which of the following describes the correct sequence of blood flow?
a. Pulmonary vein, right ventricle, right atrium, pulmonary artery
b. Vena cavae, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
c. Pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
d. Aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary artery
c. Pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
A PT observes that a patient is unable to heel walk during a neurological examination. This objective finding may be indicative of damage to the...
a. corticospinal tract
b. reticulopsinal tract
c. rubrospinal tract
d. tectospinal tract
corticospinal tract
An 8 year-old boy develops a noticeable limp without any noted recent injury, and begins to also complain of knee pain on the ipsilateral side, especially while playing with friends at recess. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. developmental hip dysplasia
b. slipped capital femoral epipysis
c. femoral fracture
d. legg calve perthes disease
d. legg calve perthes disease