Directional Terms
toward the front of the body
anterior
flexion
basketball player bends their knees before jumping
flexion
an athlete rolls their ankle so the sole of their foot turns inward
inversion
this plane divides the body into left and right portions
sagittal
toward the back of the body
posterior
turning the sole of the foot outward
eversion
soccer player moves their leg away from the midline to stop a pass
abduction
an athlete points their toes downward like pressing a gas pedal
plantarflexion
this plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions
transverse
away from the midline
lateral
moving a body part away from the midline
abduction
a swimmer brings their arm back toward their body during a race
adduction
athletic trainer documents pain that is medial to the knee, where is the pain located?
inside of knee, toward the midline of the body
flexion and extension primarily occur in this plane
sagittal
closer to the midline
medial
turning the palm so it faces upward
supination
a volleyball player straightens their elbow while hitting a ball
extension
athlete bends their leg back beyond the point of normal limit
hyperextension
adduction and abduction primarily occur in this plane
frontal
farther away from the point of attachment
distal
moves limb toward the midline, occurs in the transverse plane
horizontal adduction
a tennis player rotates their forearm to hit the ball underhand
supination
athletic trainer says injury is distal to the knee, is it closer to or farther from the hip?
farther from the hip
an athlete performs a lateral shuffle then goes directly into a squat, what two planes in order are involved?
frontal and sagittal