Body organisation
Which organ of the human body controls the body through the nervous system?
the brain
What are the functions of the skeleton (at least 3)?
protect organs, support the body, help movement of the body, make blood cells
Air moves from the outside into the lungs through _____________.
the windpipe or trachea
Muscles are joined to the bones by _________.
Tendons
Bones are held together at a joint by __________.
ligaments
Give 4 examples of organ systems.
circulatory, respiratory, reproductive, nervous, digestive, endocrine, excretory, integumentary (skin), lymphatic/immune, muscular, skeletal
The function of the skull is to _____________
protect the brain
Which part of the skeleton protects the lungs?
the ribcage
How does a muscle move a bone? A-contracting and pushing, B-contracting and pulling, C-relaxing and pulling, D-magic
B-contracting and pulling
How can you measure your muscle strength? What is the unit used?
Using a Newton scale / Newtonmeter. Unit = Newton (N)
Define “a tissue”
A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a certain function.
How many bones does an adult human body have?
206
Name the structure where gas exchange occurs?
alveoli
Muscles that work in opposite pairs are called ____________.
antagonistic muscles
Give an example of hinge joint and ball-and-socket joint
Hinge joint: knee, fingers. Ball-and-socket joint: shoulder
List 4 organs of the digestive system
oesophagus (gullet), stomach, small intestine, liver, pancreas, large intestine
What is the function of red and white blood cells?
Red blood cells: carry oxygen around the body; White blood cells: protect against infection
What happens during gas exchange in the lungs?
oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of it.
Definite the term “biomechanics”
Biomechanics is the combination of muscles, bones and joints working together.
Define “cartilage”
A smooth and slippery tissue at the end of bones inside the joints.
List the 5 levels of organization of a multicellular organism (in correct order).
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
What’s inside bones? What is the function of this substance?
Bone marrow. To make blood cells.
What is the difference between breathing and respiration? Where do these processes occur?
Breathing is a mechanical process while respiration is a chemical reaction. Breathing occur in the trachea/lungs. Respiration occurs in all the cells of the body.
What happens when you straighten your arm? Name the muscles involved.
Your biceps muscle relaxes while your triceps muscle contracts.
What sort of joint is the hip joint?
Ball-and-socket joint