Skeletal System
Name the largest bone in your body
Femur
Name one sport that primarily requires slow twitch muscle fibres and one sport that mostly requires slow twitch muscle fibres
Slow twitch - marathon running, triathlon (endurance/long distance)
Fast twitch - power lifting, sprinting (short bursts/high power)
Heart, blood, blood vessels
What are the two locations where air enters the body?
Nose and mouth
What is a joint?
Where bones meet
Name the 2 bones in your lower leg
Tibia and fibula
Name the agonist and antagonist muscles in a bicep curl.
Agonist = biceps (working)
Antagonist = triceps (relaxing)
Name the three main blood vessels
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
What is the main organ of the respiratory system?
Lungs
Name the 3 types of joints
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Name the 2 types of skeleton both starting with 'A'
Axial and Appendicular
Describe the 2 types of muscles and give an example of each
Voluntary - Move your skeleton. Under your control. E.g. biceps, triceps etc.
Involuntary - Work all the time. Can't control them. E.g. heart.
Name the top (A) and bottom (V) chambers of the heart
Top chambers - atriums
Bottom chambers - ventricles
What is the anatomical term for the 'windpipe'?
Trachea
What connects joints? (Give at least 3 answers)
- Cartilage (smooth surface between bones)
- Ligaments (bones to bones)
- Tendons (muscles to bones)
- Synovial Fluid (lubricant that allows movement)
Name and locate the three sections of your vertebrae
Cervical (top), thoracic (middle), and lumber (bottom)
What are the anatomical names for your 2 calf muscles?
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
What is the role of arteries, veins, and capillaries?
Arteries - carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
Veins - carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart
Capillaries - tiny vessels that deliver oxygen and pick up waste
Where does gas exchange take place?
In the capillaries on the alveoli
Describe each of the 3 types of joints
Fibrous - immovable
Cartilaginous - limited movement
Synovial - freely movable
What are the 4 key functions of the skeletal system?
- Support/structure
- Movement
- Protection
- Supply of blood cells
What is the difference between isotonic and isometric muscle contractions?
Isotonic - Muscle changes length and movement occurs e.g. squat, pushup etc.
Isometric - Muscle length stays the same but tension increases e.g. plank, wall sit etc.
What is the purpose of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets?
RBC - carry oxygen to your cells
WBC - fight infection
Platelets - form clots to stop excessive bleeding
Outline the pathway of the respiratory system
Fibrous - Skull
Cartilaginous - Vertebrae
Synovial - Knee/elbow (hinge), hip/shoulder (ball and socket)