Nervous System
What is the main functions of the nervous system?
To control and coordinate all body activities.
What are the main functions of the circulatory system?
To transport blood, nutrients, gases, and waste throughout the body
What is the main function of the respiratory system.
To take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide.
What is the main function of the digestive system?
To break down food into nutrients for the body
What is the main function of the musculoskeletal system?
To support the body, allow movement, and protect vital organs.
What are Neurons?
The basic building blocks of the nervous system that transmit signals.
What is the heart?
A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
What are the lungs?
Organs that facilitate gas exchange.
What is the role of the stomach?
To digest food using acids and enzymes.
What are bones made of?
Bones are made of a hard matrix of calcium phosphate and collagen.
What part of the brain controls balance?
The cerebellum.
Name the types of blood vessels
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
How does oxygen enter the bloodstream?
Through the alveoli in the lungs during respiration.
Name the organs involved in digestion.
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas.
How do muscles work with bones?
Muscles contract to pull on bones, allowing movement at joints.
Describe the role of the spinal cord.
It connects the brain to the rest of the body and transmits messages.
How does blood flow through the heart?
Blood flows from the body into the right atrium, then to the left ventricle, to the lungs, back to the left atrium, then to the left ventricle, and out to the body.
What is the process of breathing?
Inhaling oxygen snd exhaling carbon dioxide.
How does food move through the digestive tract?
Through a process called peristalsis, which is a series of wave-like muscle contractions.
What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
Voluntary muscles are controlled consciously (like arm muscles), while involuntary muscles function automatically (like heart muscles.)
How do reflexes work?
Reflexes are automatic responses that occur without conscious thought, involving the spinal cord.
Explain the role of red blood cells.
Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs.
Describe how the diaphragm works.
The diaphragm contracts to allow air to enter the lungs and relaxes to push air out.
Explain the importance of enzymes in digestion.
Enzymes help break down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.
Describe the role of the tendons and ligaments
Tendons connect muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to other bones.