Skeletal Systems Basics
How many bones are in the adult human body?
206
What bone protects your brain?
Cranium
What type of bone is the femur?
Long bone
What is a joint?
A place where two or more bones meet
What are the three types of muscles in the body?
Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Name 2 functions of the skeletal system.
Support, protection, movement, shape, blood cell production.
Which bone is also known as the collarbone?
Clavicle
What type of bone is the patella?
Sesamoid bone
What type of joint is found in the shoulder?
Ball and socket
Which type of muscle is found in the heart?
Cardiac
What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?
Axial includes skull, spine, and rib cage; appendicular includes limbs and girdles
What is the name of the bone in your upper arm?
Humerus
What are the five types of bones?
Long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
What are the three main types of joints?
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial
What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
Voluntary muscles are controlled consciously; involuntary muscles work automatically
What important job does bone marrow do in the body?
It makes blood cells.
Which bones make up your lower leg?
Tibia and Fibula
Give an example of each of the 5 types of bones.
Femur (long), Carpals (short), Sternum (flat), Vertebrae (irregular), Patella (sesamoid)
Describe the difference between a hinge joint and a ball-and-socket joint.
Hinge allows movement in one direction; ball-and-socket allows movement in many directions
What are the characteristics of fast-twitch muscle fibres?
Contract quickly, fatigue fast, suited for power and speed
Name all five regions of the vertebral column in order from top to bottom.
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx
Name all the bones in the hand from wrist to fingertips.
Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges
Describe the structure and function of a long bone.
Long bones have a shaft and two ends, contain marrow, and support movement and strength
Name all six types of synovial joints and give an example of each.
Ball & socket (hip), hinge (elbow), pivot (neck), condyloid (knuckle), gliding (wrist), saddle (thumb)
Explain how muscles and bones work together to create movement.
Muscles contract and pull on bones, which act as levers to produce movement