Rocky Earth
The theory explaining the movement of the Earth's rigid lithospheric plates as a result of convection processes in the molten mantle underneath
What is plate tectonics?
When lithospheric plates pull apart from each other
What are divergent plate boundaries?
The primary use of freshwater globally
What is agriculture?
The primary reason that wind patterns in the northern hemisphere differ from those in the southern hemisphere?
What is the Coriolis effect?
The three aspects of soil found on a soil triangle
What are sand, silt, and clay?
When lithospheric plates come together.
What are convergent plate boundaries?
When lithospheric plates slide past each other
What are transform plate boundaries?
Porous layers of sand, gravel, or rock lying below the water table
What are aquifers?
The layer of the atmosphhere closest to earth where temperature drops as altitude increases, weather forms, and has the highest density of all layers
What is the troposphere?
How soil horizons are primarily categorized.
What are composition and organic content?
Features such as mountains, island arcs, earthquakes, and volcanoes are the results
What are the results of convergent plate boundaries?
This boundary is most often associated with earthquakes as its primary result
What are Transform boundaries?
A drier area of land next to a higher elevation, which blocks the precipitation from reaching this area
What is a rain shadow?
The layers of the atmosphere that occur at the greatest altitudes, not including the exosphere
What are the Mesosphere and Thermosphere?
The O horizon, plant litter layer, the upper part which typically experiences low decomposition but possibly contains high levels of humidity
What is the organic surface layer?
Features such as seafloor spreading, rift valleys, earthquakes, and volcanoes are the results
What are the results of divergent plate boundaries?
Major areas where divergent boundaries may occur (2 possible global regions)
What are the mid-atlantic (seafloor spreading) and east Africa (rift valley)?
A periodic, non-anthropogenic event that occurs in the south pacific which changes patterns of rainfall, wind, and ocean circulation. Significant climate, environmental, and economic disruptions can result
What is the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)?
The layer in the stratosphere above which temperature increases
What is the ozone layer?
The A horizon, a layer of mineral soil with most organic matter accumulation and soil life. Additionally, due to weathering, oxides (mainly iron oxides) and clay minerals are formed and accumulated. It has a pronounced soil structure. But in some soils, clay minerals, iron, aluminum, organic compounds, and other constituents are soluble and move downwards.
What is surface soil?
Major areas where convergent boundaries may occur (3 possible global regions)
What is off the coast of northwestern north america, western south america, and east asia?
Major areas where transform boundaries result in frequent earthquakes (2 answers, you need both)
What are California (San Andreas fault) and India (the Himalayas)
Also known as drainage basins, these areas drain all streams and precipitation in an area to a common outlet
What is a watershed?
The term for the cycle where warm air rises and the equator, moves to roughly 30 degrees north or south latitude, and falls as cooler air. The resulting precipitation between these latitudes helps create the tropical rainforest biome, and desert biomes around 30 degrees latitudes
What is a Hadley cell?
(Ferrell cells occur in mid-latitudes and polar cells around the poles)
This C horizon is below the solum horizons. This layer is little affected by pedogenesis. Clay illuviation, if present, is not significant. The absence of solum-type development (pedogenesis) is one of the defining attributes. The C horizon forms either in deposits (e.g., loess, flood deposits, landslides) or it formed from weathering of residual bedrock.
What is the substratum?