Cardiovascular system
What is, to Prevent over-expansion, or excess movement of the heart. The outside layer of the heart.
What is the process of gas exchange?
What is, Once in the lungs, oxygen is moved into the bloodstream and carried through your body. At each cell in your body, oxygen is exchanged for a waste gas called carbon dioxide. Your bloodstream then carries this waste gas back to the lungs where it is removed from the bloodstream and then exhaled.
What are the 6 steps for adult BLS rescue
Verify the scene is safe, Check for responsiveness, simultaneously check pulse and breathing and determine nest action, preform high quality CPR, Attempt defibrillation, assist the recovery position.
What are the four main vital signs?
What is, Blood pressure, Pulse, respiration rate, temperature
What is the difference between, veins, arteries, and capillaries?
What is, Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood toward the heart. Capillaries surround tissues and cells connect branches of arteries to branches of veins
What is the function of the myocardium?
What is, Made of muscle tissue and pumps blood through the system
What is the anatomical structure of the respiratory system, from superior to inferior?
What is, Nose-Nasal cavity- Nasopharynx-Oropharynx-Laryngopharynx-Eppiglottis-Larynx-Trachea-bronchi-bronchioles-Alveoli-Capillaries
What is the proper sequence for one person child/infant CPR
What is, Verify that the scene is safe, check for responsiveness, simultaneously check pulse and breathing and determine next action, for a witnessed collapse activate emergency response system and get an AED, preform high-quality pediatric CPR (depending on age of the child), attempt defibrillation, assist to recovery position
What are the 4 main vital signs normal readings?
What is,
Temperature - 97-99oF
Pulse - 60-100bpm
Respiration - 12-20 RR
BP - 120/80 mmHg
What is the function of a red blood cell
What is, to transport blood that contains hemoglobin
What is the function of the Endocardium?
What is, to line the cavities and valves of the heart
What is external respiration?
What is, When the lungs and bloodstream exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
What are the steps for two person pediatric CPR
What is, Verify that the scene is safe, check for responsiveness, simultaneously check pulse and breathing and determine next action, for a witnessed collapse activate emergency response system and get an AED, preform high-quality pediatric CPR while switching roles in between (30:2 for children 15:2 for infants), attempt defibrillation, assist to recovery position
What are the 4 main vital signs abnormalities?
What is
Temperature - Over 100.5 febrile
Pulse - over 100bpm=Tachycardia; less than 100bpm Bradycardia
Respiration - over 20 RR Tachypnea; less than 10 RR Bradypnea
BP - <120/<80 Hypertension >90/80 Hypotension
What is the main difference between giving CPR with and without an obstructed airway
What is, when there is an obstructed airway, while giving breaths it is important to check for the object in the back of the throat.
What is the pathway of blood through the heart?
What is... Superior and inferior vena cava, Right atrium, Tricuspid valve, Right ventricle, Pulmonary valve, Pulmonary arteries, Lungs, Pulmonary veins, Left atrium, Mitral valve, Left ventricle, Aortic valve, Aorta, Body
What is internal respiration
What is Internal respiration is the exchange of gases with the internal environment, and occurs in the tissues
How to remove an airway obstruction in an adult?
What is, If they are visibly choking and cannot cough or speak then make a fist and wrap your arms around their abdomen placing your fist right above their belly button and thrust upward to remove the object. If the patient becomes unresponsive and does not have a pulse, then CPR needs to be preformed
What are the proper ways to obtain the 4 main vital signs?
What is,
Temperature - Place thermometer under the tongue and get reading
Pulse - Place two fingers (not thumb) on the thumb side of the wrist and feel for the pulse then count for 30 seconds and multiply by 2
Respiration - While still taking the pulse, count 1 inhale+1 Exhale as one respiration for 30 seconds and multiply by 2
BP - Find the brachial artery and place the cuff arrow above it. Then place the stethoscope on the artery and start pumping to about 180 and then slowly release the air in the valve and wait for the first sound (systole) and the last sound (diastole) and their corresponding numbers on the sphygmomanometer.
What is hemoglobin
Special protein that helps carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and returns carbon dioxide to the lungs
How does the heart contract using: SA node, AV node, Bundle of his, and, perkinje fibers
What is...
SA node- An electrical impulse that travels through muscle fiber of the atria and ventricles causing them to contract
AV Node - Slows down the electrical signal, which allows time for the ventricle to receive blood from the atria
Bundle of his - The right and left bundle branches conduct impulses to each of the ventricles
Purkinje fibers - sends nerve impulses to the ventricles, which causes them to contract and pump blood
What are the sections of the pharynx in superior to inferior order?
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx
How to remove an airway obstruction in an infant?
What is, if baby cannot cry or cough then place infant on the knee of a kneeling person holding the infant face down and lean the baby's head toward the floor giving them 5 back blows, then turning them around to their back and place two fingers on their sternum and push upward. (Baby needs to be stable).
What are the other vital signs (not including the main 4)
What is, Oxygen saturation, pain, weight, and height
Where do we get the best temperature reading?
What is, rectally