Bone Basics Bonanza
This part of a long bone is the shaft.
What is diaphysis?
The skill belongs to the _______ division of the skeleton.
What is axial?
These bone cells maintain bone tissue.
What are osteocytes?
This break does not penetrate the skin.
What is a closed fracture?
The fetal skeleton is made up mostly of ________ before ossification.
What is hyaline cartilage?
Bone tissue is classified as ________ tissue.
What is connective tissue?
The scapula is part of the __________ division of the skeleton.
What is the appendicular?
This cell breaks down bone during remodeling.
What are osteoclasts?
A diagonal fracture across the bone.
What is oblique fracture?
Describe the final outcome of endochondral ossification.
What is mature bones replace cartilage models?
The ________ part of a child's bone allows for longitudinal growth.
What is the epiphyseal plate?
The sternum is this type of bone.
What is flat?
What is the epiphysis?
A fracture with multiple bone fragments.
What is comminuted?
Calcium deficiency leads to bones that are _________________.
A student compares compact and spongy bone under a microscope. She notices one type consists of tightly packed osteons arranged in concentric rings.
Which type of bone is she observing?
What is compact bone?
A student is categorizing bones by shape. He picks up a vertebra and notes it doesn’t fit “long,” “short,” or “flat.”
How should he classify it?
What is irregular bone?
During bone remodeling, new bone is laid down after old bone is removed.
Which cell directly deposits the new bone matrix?
What are osteoblasts?
After a bone breaks, the first repair step involves torn blood vessels forming a clot.
What is this initial clot called?
What is a hematoma?
A teenager’s X-ray shows that the epiphyseal plates in her femur are almost fully ossified.
What does this indicate about her growth?
What is she is nearing the end of longitudinal bone growth?
A 74-year-old man comes to the clinic after tripping on a step. X-rays reveal a fracture through the central shaft of his tibia. The physician explains that this region contains dense compact bone responsible for supporting the body’s weight.
Which part of the long bone was fractured?
What is diaphysis?
A patient is brought to the ER after a car accident. He reports shoulder pain and inability to lift his arm. X-rays reveal a fracture in the bone that posteriorly connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton at the pectoral girdle. This bone is most likely fractured.
What is scapula?
A 68-year-old woman with a history of osteoporosis has been experiencing increased bone pain. A bone scan reveals excessive bone breakdown compared to bone formation. Lab results show that one type of bone cell is overactive, causing the imbalance.
Which bone cell is most responsible for her symptoms?
What are osteoclasts?
A construction worker falls from a ladder and lands on his outstretched arm. Imaging reveals two separate fractures in the same bone, leaving a free-floating section of bone between the breaks. Surgery is scheduled to stabilize the fragments.
What type of fracture does this describe?
What is segmental fracture?
A toddler is brought in for evaluation after months of poor nutrition. Physical examination and X-rays reveal bowed legs and delayed bone hardening. Labs show low calcium and vitamin D levels, meaning his bones are not properly transitioning from cartilage to mineralized bone.
Which developmental process is being affected?
what is endochondral ossification?