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General Info
Types 1
Types 2
Nursing Care
Diagnostics
100
causes unknown
What is causes of bone cancer
100
usually do not spread; are NOT cancerous, but can still cause damage such as fractures; ex: osetochondroma, osteoclastoma (Giant Cell Tumor), Endochondroma
What is benign bone tumors
100
most common type of bone cancer; malignant; tissue of origin is osteoid; located at the knees, femur, or humerus, common in ages 10-25; s/s: pain that is worse at night; treatment of choice: surgery (limb salvage or amputation), pre & post-op chemo, likes to metastases to the lungs.
What is Osteosarcoma
100
first thing out of surgery; resection of tumor neurovascular status compare to normal limb).
What is Assessment
100
x-ray, bone scan
What is diagnostic testing for bone cancer
200
young people who have had chemo or radiation therapy; rarely heredity
What is risk factors of bone cancer
200
osetocarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma
What is malignant bone tumors
200
tissue of origin- cartilage;located at the pelvis, femur, scapula, or humerus; common in ages 50-60; s/s: pain and local swelling; treatment of choice; amputation to prevent recurrence; HIGHLY malignant.
What is Chondrosarcoma
200
acute pain; also have anxiety; resection of limb salvage very painful.
What is Pain management
300
Pain is the most common, swelling, tenderness, decreased motion, fracture, fatigue, fever, weight loss, and anemia
What is symptoms of bone cancer
300
spreads out past the tissues of origin commonly to the brain, the liver, and bones (multiple myeloma).
What is metastatic (secondary) bone cancer
300
tissue of origin: immature nerve tissue, usually in bone marrow; located at the pelvis, femur, ribs, or humerus, common in ages 5-15 and >in males; rapid growing tumor s/s: pain, fever, leukocytosis; metastasis early; treatment: radiation, resection, chemo (40% do not survive).
What is Ewing Sarcoma:
300
impaired mobility, disturbed body image, anticipatory grieving, risk for injury, knowledge defecit
What is nursing diagnoses
400
Alkaline phosphate (on CMP- large amount if the bone is active like in children; cannot use this test with a broken bone); X-ray (shows the shape of some tumors); Bone Scan (radioactive dye into the vein; go away for 3 hours to drink a lot of fluid then come back and hot spots show up as increased activity in the bone).
What is diagnostics for bone cancer
400
benign tumor; if not big they do not treat it just frequent follow ups; it is a painless, hard mass; occurs ages 10-25; Treatment: surgical excision if pain, also have to monitor carefully so that it does not transform into osteocarcoma
What is osteochondroma
400
tissue of origin: plasma cells in bone marrow; associated with Bence-Jones protein in the urine; renal involvement is common; located in the low back pelvis, ribs, or sternum; common in ages over 40 and in males; s/s: pain aggravated by weight bearing and systemic symptoms; poor prognosis; chemo has limited success
What is Myeloma
400
skin problems, fatigue, anorexia
What is SE of radiation therapy
500
MRI or CT scan if already know the specific body part you want to look at; Biopsy is the definitive test of choice (1. core needle- done under local anesthetic pulls out the core of bone and is very painful as it goes through the periosteum; 2. incision cut o[en and get a piece of it the best way because they can intervene before it spreads to the bloodstream).
What is diagnostics for bone cancer
500
located on the tibia or radius, common ages <10 & >70 *rare; more prominent in females, most are benign, however can spread to the lungs so get it excised and packed with bone and a plate s/s: pain, local swelling, limited movement Treatment of choice: surgery; high recurrence rate
What is Giant Cell Tumor
500
metastatic disease made up of cells from the original site; common sites to the bone: lung, prostate, and breast
What is types of secondary cancer
500
myelosuppression (bone marrow and risk for infection), alopecia, stomatitis, anorexia, sterility.
What is SE of chemo