Name that bone
Bone between the Axis and Occiput
Atlas
How many Cervical vertebrae?
What is the curve of this region?
7
Lordotic
Occiput
What is the function of a flat bone?
Name two
Protection (enclose vital organs)
Skull, ribs, scapula, pelvis
What is a spasm?
What is its function?
Uncontrollable Contractile Cycle - muscle keeps firing
Protection
Bone between humerus and carpus (knee)
Radius
What is the curve of this region?
5-6 depending on breed
Lordotic
The "pointy" end of vertebrae that extends upward.
The wings of the vertebrae. Site of attachment for muscles/ligaments. (Thoracic- site for rib articulation)
Spinous process
Transverse Process
Function of Long bones?
Name two
Function as levers and for weight bearing (bonus question: where does the horse rest 60% of its weight?)
Humerus, femur, tibia, cannon bones, pasterns
Put in order of healing fastest to slowest. Tendon, ligament, muscle.
What is a tendon & its function?
What is a ligament & its function?
Muscle, tendon, ligament.
Tendon- Attach muscle to bone; motion/movement
Ligament- Attach bone to bone; prevent over motion
Bone between fetlock joint and hoof
Pastern
How many thoracic vertebrae?
How many ribs are there?
What curve is this region?
18
36 ribs
Kyphosis
What is the hole called in vertebrae? What is it for?
Intervertebral foramen/central canal; houses the spinal cord
Function of short bones?
Name two
Absorb concussion
Knee (carpus), hock (tarsus), ankle (fetlock)
What is the most painful degree of a ligament tear? Why?
Grade 2 because grade 3, most of the fibers are torn. The nerves cannot send or receive pain signals (they are not cut because that would mean paralysis).
What bones make up the stifle joint?
What bones make up the fetlock joint?
Carpus joint?
Femur & Tibia
Cannon & Pastern
Radius & cannon
What makes the yes motion?
What makes the no motion?
Occiput + atlas = yes
Atlas + axis = no
What is the covering over the bone? What is its function?
Periosteum - protection
What is the Lamina between on the vertebrae? (what does it connect?)
The vertebral body and the spinous process.
What vertebral curve sees the most problems due to saddle fit?
Kpyhosis
Pelvis, femur, tibia, hock, cannon, fetlock, pastern, coffin bone
What intervertebral disc is between T5 & T6?
What disc is between C1 & C2?
T5 disc
No disc
What provides a smooth surface between bones acts as a shock absorber during takeoff/landing of a jump & quick turns.
(hyaline) Cartilage
What is Stenosis?
What other vertebral issues can you read from an x-ray?
Narrowing of the vertebral hole - compresses spinal cord (wobblers syndrome)
Arthritis, bone spurs, kissing spine
Why is the humerus called the funny bone?
Ulnar groove - group of nerves