LESSON 1
If you sit all day long, you need to do some kind of physical _______________ in order to maintain your health.
equipment / health / activity / fit
Correct. activity: This is the correct answer. Activity means movement or exercise involving physical effort. The sentence explains that if someone sits all day, they need to do physical movement to stay healthy.
An army post is a military ________________ where military personnel ____________ follow compulsory regulations.
a) post / can b) installation / might c) installation / must d) custom / must
Correct. installation / must:
A military installation is an official base or facility.
The modal verb must expresses strong obligation and is used with rules and regulations that are compulsory.
Yes, she prefers coffee.
Does Mary prefer coffee to tea? / Does Mary prefer coffee to drinking tea? / Does Mary prefer drinking tea? / Would Mary rather coffee to tea?
Correct. Does Mary prefer coffee to tea?
The verb prefer is used with a noun + to + noun structure when comparing two things. Coffee and tea are parallel nouns, so this question correctly matches the answer Yes, she prefers coffee.
The stereo _______ were expensive, ______ John had to wait until the store put them on sale.
a) copies / therefore b) air conditioner / but c) system / so d) components / so
d) components / so
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Before the general conducts the inspection for the ceremony, all the officers must wear the ______________ uniform.
possible / convenient / improper / proper
Correct. proper.
Proper means correct, appropriate, and according to rules or standards.
Most criminals _____________ by police officers.
are catch / are catched / are caught / is caught
Correct. are caught:
The sentence is written in the present simple passive voice. The subject (most criminals) receives the action. Because the subject is plural, the correct auxiliary verb is are, followed by the past participle caught.
What's your ____________, Chinese or Mexican food?
rather / prefer / role / preference
Correct. preference.
Preference is a noun meaning a choice or liking for one option over another.
The structure What’s your preference, A or B? correctly asks someone to choose between two alternatives, which fits the sentence exactly.
I have 25 years of experience.
a) Why should I give you this job?
b) Who needs this job?
c) When does the job start?
d) Why not lend me a hand?
a) Why should I give you this job?
In what two ways can you use the GERUND as the OBJECT of a sentence?
When the GERUND follows 1) a stative verb [verb of emotion] and 2) when it follows an adjective + preposition.
I love swimming in the ocean.
I am interested in learning Japanese.
Joe has signed up for the city's marathon that's coming up.
take it up / try it out / take part in / cut down on
Correct. take part in
Take part in means to participate in an event or activity.
Enlisted personnel salute officers.
Saluted officers enlist personnel. / Officers must be saluted by enlisted personnel. / Saluted officers are enlisted by personnel. / Officers are enlisted personnel and saluted.
Correct. Officers must be saluted by enlisted personnel.: Grammar explanation: This sentence correctly changes the active voice sentence into the passive voice while keeping the same meaning.
Active voice: Enlisted personnel salute officers.
Passive voice: Officers are saluted by enlisted personnel.
He likes singing. He prefers __________________ .
to singing than to dance / sing to dance / singing rather dancing / to sing rather than dance
Correct. to sing rather than dance.
When prefer is used to compare two actions, it can follow the structure prefer + to + verb + rather than + verb. Both actions (to sing and dance) are in parallel verb form, making this sentence grammatically correct and clearly expressing preference.
The power company __________ __________ yesterday, so there was no electricity throughout the entire neighborhood for about four hours.
a) shut off
b) shut down
c) replaced it
d) installed it
Correct. shut down.
Shut down means to stop the operation of a system, facility, or organization. Because the power company stopped operating, there was no electricity in the entire neighborhood, which directly matches the meaning of shut down.
Give three examples of VERBS OF DESIRE (not emotion) that the INFINITVE FOLLOWS.
WANT / NEED / WISH / DESIRE
You have been looking very stressed at work these past few weeks. I believe you need to _______________ on the amount of hours you are working.
cut out / cut down / avoid / had better
Correct. cut down
Cut down (on) is a phrasal verb meaning to reduce the amount of something.
The general had a quick ___________ with the captain of the class to ensure that the rules and _____________ were being followed by the lieutenants.
a) briefing / regulations b) meeting / customs c) briefing / behavior d) meeting / privileges
Correct. briefing / regulations:
A briefing is a short, focused meeting used to give or confirm important information, especially in military settings. Regulations are official rules that must be followed.
It's hot enough _______________ .
go swimming / to go swimming / to swimming / swimming
Correct. to go swimming.
Logic / grammar explanation:
The structure adjective + enough + [to + verb = infinitive] is used to show that a condition is sufficient for an action.
We have _____________ monitors and need to get rid of some.
too much
too many
not enough
very much
Correct. too many.
Logic / grammar explanation: Too many is used with plural countable nouns. Monitors can be counted (one monitor, two monitors), and need to get rid of some shows there is an excess. Therefore, too many correctly completes the sentence.
What is the FORMULA when using ENOUGH in a sentence and give an example.
Subject + (to be or Action Verb) + (adjective or adverb) + ENOUGH + infinitive + object
He is strong enough to move the couch for me.
He runs fast enough to compete in the marathon.
The US population is counted once every 10 years. The government uses birth and death number in addition to information on immigration to guess the population in the years between the counts. The government also includes native-born people as well.
Question: Select the main idea of this reading passage.
a) The United States is a country made up of both native-born people and immigrants.
b) The government only counts the population every ten years and does nothing in between.
c) Birth and death records are more important than immigration records.
d) Only immigrants are included in population estimates between official counts.
Correct. The United States is a country made up of both native-born people and immigrants.
The paragraph explains how the government counts the population and clearly states that both native-born people and immigrants are included. All details (census, birth and death numbers, immigration) support this broader idea.
When a man opens the car door for a woman, this is an act of _________________.
privilege / a right / courtesy / rule and regulation
Correct. courtesy:
Courtesy means polite, respectful behavior shown toward others.
Brian plays guitar, sings, and writes songs on piano. He's very ______________ .
instrumental / musical / serious / classical
Correct. musical.
Musical describes a person who has skill or talent in music. Playing instruments, singing, and writing songs are all musical abilities, so this word best summarizes Brian’s skills.
Which two words are synonyms?
data, information
ability, health
install, give
stereo, copy
Correct. data, information.
Data refers to facts or details collected for use, and information means facts or knowledge communicated or learned. In general usage, these words both describe factual content and are often used interchangeably, so they are synonyms in this context.
WH- + HAD + Subject + BEEN + (V+ing) + object
example: What had he been doing when she called?