Border Policies
What policy required migrants to stay in Mexico while awaiting U.S. asylum claims?
Remain
Which group of Black migrants faced mass deportations under Title 42 in 2021?
Haitian migrants.
Name the long-term U.S. strategy that prioritizes high-tech surveillance and border patrols, resulting in a steady increase in migrant deaths over decades.
Militarization
Black migrants, such as Haitians, face barriers due to this form of systemic prejudice in the U.S.
Racism
Which U.S. president’s policies increased militarization and enforced Zero Tolerance at the border?
Trump
What 1994 strategy aimed to discourage crossings by pushing migrants into dangerous areas?
Deterrence
Black migrants often struggle to access these essential support networks in Central America, which are more readily available to other migrant groups.
Shelters
What term describes the method of concentrating border patrol resources in cities to drive migrants toward remote and deadly paths?
Funneling
Cameroonian migrants escaping political persecution often suffer from this violent state tactic.
Repression
What concept was introduced to deter migrants by making crossing conditions extremely difficult?
Deterrence
During the COVID-19 pandemic, which health rule enabled the rapid expulsion of migrants without standard processing?
Title 42
What barrier often prevents Black migrants from accessing fair asylum processing?
Language barriers and limited access to legal resources.
What term describes the impact of military-grade equipment on the U.S. border?
Militarized deterrence.
Type of pay discrimination faced by Black migrants working in Central American countries.
Wage
Who is the Cameroonian migrant whose journey highlights racial challenges faced by Black migrants?
Essengue
What term describes the U.S. tactic that limits the movement of asylum seekers by placing them in Mexican border towns?
Containment
What specific obstacle do Black migrants face in migrant shelters across Latin America, often experiencing discrimination from other migrant groups?
Exclusion
What effect does border militarization have on human rights?
Leads to violations of migrant rights, including denial of asylum rights.
Migrants from this Caribbean country face increased border and policy challenges on their journey to the U.S.
Haiti
Whose role in migration increased due to the difficulty of crossing borders independently?
Smugglers
Which policy, reintroduced in 2019, led to an increase in migrant detentions at the southern U.S. border?
Zero tolerance
Which African countries have migrants often detained at the U.S. border?
Cameroon, Congo, and Eritrea.
Name a technology used in border militarization.
Surveillance drones.
This term describes the distinct pathway of hardships for Black migrants journeying through the Americas to the U.S.
Trial
Which controversial policy was continued by the Biden administration under pandemic restrictions?
Title 42