Wood
the primary function of this tissue is transporting water long-distance
xylem
What is the vascular cambium?
cacti APPEAR to be lacking this organ but they actually have a microscopic version
What are leaves?
this mesophyll has air spaces to allow better gas exchange
What is spongy mesophyll?
this type of water potential increases with height
a type of wood with larger tracheary elements that is produced when water is abundant
spring wood/early wood
cork cells are rich in this chemical that water proofs the bark
suberin
a vertical thick stem with thin papery leaves
What is a corm?
these modified leaves protect dormant buds in the winter
What are bud scales?
this is a proxy for leaf thickness
What is LMA?
these cells divide longitudinally to produce elongate cells in the vascular system
fusiform initials
the cork + cork cambium + phelloderm make up this layer
What is the periderm?
a potato is this type of weird stem
What is a tuber?
this type of leaf has no petiole
What is a sessile leaf?
this is an air blockage in a xylem conduit
What is an embolism?
What are fibers?
these cells provide administrative support for one type of sieve element but are actually part of the radial system
What are albuminous cells?
long, thin internodes allowing dispersal of daughter plants
What are stolons?
these leaves are very tough, reducing herbivory
What are sclerophyllous leaves?
a metric of water use efficiency, used to infer how often the stomata were open
What is the carbon-13 isotope ratio?
this type of wood has a clear distinction between wood produced in the spring versus the late summer/fall
What is ring porous wood?
an unusual growth form where secondary phloem is produced between two layers of secondary xylem
included phloem
ferns and many lawn grasses have this type of horizontal underground stem
What are rhizomes?
leaves that form traps are trying to acquire this type of nutrient
What is nitrogen/ammonia/nitrates?
What is water availability?