Vocab
This is the organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.
What is the chloroplast?
This is the reason why seedlings require sunlight to grow.
Plants use the sun to undergo photosynthesis and use energy from the sun to make glucose.
How many cotyledons do monocots and dicots have?
Monocots - 1 cotyledon
Dicots - 2 cotyledons
This protects the seed from damage, dehydration, and pathogens
What is the seed coat?
This is the step of germination where the seed takes in water and the seed coat begins to soften and swell - Radicle/Root emergence, Interim phase, imbibition
What is Imbibition?
This is what we call a baby plant grown from a seed.
What is a seedling?
What kinds of leaves do monocots and dicots have?
Monocots - Parallel vein leaves
Dicots - Branch vein leaves
This is the seed leaf of the plant (first "baby leaves" that emerge that are different than the true leaves)
What are cotyledons?
What is seed dormancy?
When a seed stays sleeping/inactive until conditions are more favorable for it to grow.
This is when plant vacuoles are filled and exert pressure against the cell wall.
What is turgor pressure?
What are vascular plants and give an example of a vascular plant.
Vascular plants contain a vascular system of roots, stems, and leaves. An example of a vascular plant is a cucumber.
How many floral parts/petals do monocots and dicots have?
Monocots - 3
Dicots - 4 or 5
This is the tissue inside the seed that surroundings the embryo and provides nutrition.
What is endosperm?
How are respiration and photosynthesis related?
Photosynthesis uses the sun to make glucose for the plant. The plant then uses the glucose and oxygen for energy and to make carbon dioxide.
This is what we call moving plants elsewhere to grow/mature.
What is transplanting?
What are nonvascular plants and give an example of a nonvascular plant.
Nonvascular plants do not have a vascular system and an example of them is mosses.
What type of root system do monocots vs. dicots have?
Monocots- adventitious, spread roots
Dicots - 1 central taproot
This is the embryonic root that develops into the primary root.
What is the radicle?
What is "photoperiod" and how do you calculate it?
Photoperiod = the amount of daylight time each day. Calculated by the number of hours and minutes from sunrise to sunset.
This is the process of plants using glucose to make Carbon Dioxide and it provides energy for the plant.
What is respiration?
Why do plants wilt without water?
Explain how the vascular bundles are arranged in monocots vs. dicots?
Monocots - scattered bundles
Dicots - bundles form rings
This is the stem below the cotyledons, gives rise to stem
What is the hypocotyl?
Why do all seeds need water in order to grow?
Water is needed to leach away a germination inhibitor Abscisic acid.