Anatomy & Physiology
This part of the GI tract is responsible for churning food starting the digestive process through the creation of chyme before transitioning to the next structure in the GI tract.
What is the stomach?
True or False: Ileostomies and colostomies are always permeant and are structures for providing a means of excreting stool via a stoma.
What is False?
They can be either temporary or permanent.
This is the term used to describe a lack of appetite.
What is anorexia
These are classic signs and symptoms of GERD.
What are heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain.
TRUE or FALSE: Probiotics have been show to be helpful in reducing h pylori and should be prescribed for peptic ulcer disease.
What is FALSE? - evidence is not sufficient, they may be helpful as an adjunct, but are optimal dosing is unknown.
This part of the GI tract is made of 3 parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
What is the small intestine?
Stoma care involves reducing odors, one step to do this is emptying at what level of fullness?
What is when the appliance is half-full?
Dry toast, bananas, crackers, and oatmeal are recommended after periods of nausea and vomiting for this reason.
Note, these are also part of the BRAT diet
Modifiable management of GERD includes these actions.
What are: avoid trigger foods, lose weight if overweight, exercise regularly, avoid late meals (within 3 hrs of bedtime); elevate the head of the bed when sleeping.
This is the main risk factor for gastric and duodenal ulcers.
What is h pylori?
This part of the GI tract's main function is bowel elimination.
What is the large intestine?
Patient's are encouraged to do this to improve early acceptance about the stoma and reduce anxiety about the changes to body image.
What is look at the ostomy and participate in care?
This is the delay in the transit of liquids or solids during swallowing.
What is dysphagia?
If untreated, GERD can lead to more serious complications such as these.
What are dysphagia, esophagitis, cancer, and Barrett's esophagus?
This is the term used when there is delayed gastric emptying.
What is gastroparesis?
This is the movement of waste within the intestinal tract via contractions of the muscles.
What is peristalsis?
True or false: Colostomy irrigations can be used to promote bowel movement when constipated.
Colostomy irrigations are used to help achieve fecal continence and control, which may allow the patient to eliminate the need for a pouch.
When managing the dysphagia, this is done to improve patient safety and efficiency of swallowing.
What is modify the texture, increase the viscosity or thicken the fluid?
This medication class is the most commonly used in the management of GERD.
What are proton pump inhibitors?
pantoprozole, omeprozole, esomeprozole
This is a potentially serious complication of gastrectomy's where the client experiences rapid emptying of the stomach leading to shifts in fluid concentrations. Signs and symptoms include dizziness, weakness, cramping, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
What is dumping syndrome?
This term is used when a surgical opening is formed in the colon.
What is a colostomy?
Name 3 (of 6) essential elements of independent patient care of ostomies.
What are:
1. Reason and rationale for ostomy
2. Self-care behaviors that demonstrate effective management.
3. Understanding follow-up care and resources
4. Understanding of how and where to obtain supplies
5. Verbalize fears and concerns
6. Demonstrate a positive body image
Name 3 things that help facilitate safe swallowing.
What are:
1. serve small, frequent meals
2. encourage rest before meals
3. positing in a 90 degree upright position (high Fowler's)
4. provide mouth care
5. reduce distractions
6. use adaptive eating devices
7. use foods that are naturally at the patient's required texture
1. "Carbonated beverages can trigger GERD symptoms." 2. "Losing excess weight can help prevent GERD symptoms." 3. Lying down after eating can make GERD symptoms worse." 4. "I know a bland diet will help prevent GERD."
What is 4 - a bland diet?
A bland diet can help with nausea management, not GERD.
The nurse knows their instructions are effective when the client with dumping syndrome verbalizes they should: 1. avoid lying down after eating. 2. drink liquids between meals, not with them. 3. avoid protein 4. include simple sugars with each meal
What is 2. drink liquids between meals, not with them