1
How it works with frontal lobe (cerebellum)
Frontal lobe plans movement → cerebellum coordinates precise execution
What is the second cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Optic - II - optic canal
What is the seventh cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Facial - VII - internal acoustic meatus
What is the twelfth cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Hypoglossal - XII - hypoglossal canal
Cranial Nerve Functions & ANS Contribution
ANS Cranial Nerves: III, VII, IX, X
Functions vary (sensory, motor, both)
Language Areas
Wernicke’s area – comprehension of language, in temporal lobe
Broca’s area – speech production, in frontal lobe
Damage: Wernicke’s = difficulty understanding language; Broca’s = difficulty speaking
What is the third cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Oculomotor - III - superior orbital fissure
What is the eighth cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Vestibulocochlear - VIII - internal acoustic meatus
Sensory-only Cranial Nerves
I (olfactory), II (optic), VIII (vestibulocochlear)
Basal Nuclei Function
Moderates motor control / movement
Cerebrum Lobes & Insula
Frontal – voluntary motor, planning, reasoning
Parietal – sensory processing, spatial awareness
Temporal – hearing, memory
Occipital – vision
Insula – perception of taste, visceral sensation
What is the fourth cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Trochlear - IV - superior orbital fissure
What is the ninth cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Glossopharyngeal - IX - jugular foramen
Motor-only Cranial Nerves
III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), VI (abducens), XI (accessory), XII (hypoglossal)
Limbic System
Associated with emotion, memory, motivation
Myelinated Nerve Fiber Tracts
Commissural fibers – connect hemispheres
Association fibers – connect regions within the same hemisphere
Projection fibers – connect cortex to lower CNS
What is the fifth cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Trigeminal - V - V1: superior orbital fissure, V2: foramen rotundum, V3: foramen ovale
What is the tenth cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Vagus - X - jugular foramen
mixed cranial nerves
V (trigeminal), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus)
What is the first cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Olfactory - I - cribriform plate
What is the sixth cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Abducens - VI - superior orbital fissure
What is the eleventh cranial nerve and its associated skull foramina?
Accessory - XI - jugular foramen
Upper Teeth Dental Nerve
Maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve (V2)