Parts of the Neuron (Building block of the Brain)
This part of the neuron is a layer of fatty tissue that encases the fibers of neurons, enabling greater transmission speeds of neural impulses.
What is the Myelin Sheath?
This part is the oldest part and the central core of the brain. It connects the spinal cord and brain and is responsible for automatic survival functions.
What is the Brainstem?
Located at the frontmost of the brain just behind the forehead, this lobe is involved in speaking and muscle movements, as well as judgment making.
What is the Frontal Lobe?
This neurotransmitter is generally associated with pleasure and reward. It helps control movement, regulate mood, and reward.
What is Dopamine?
This describes the brain's ability to change, especially post childhood, by reorganizing after damage or building new pathways based on experiences in an enviroment.
What is Plasticity/Neuroplasticity/Brain Plasticity?
These bushy, branching extensions of a neuron receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body.
What is a Dendrite?
This part of the brain, or the "little brain", is located at the rear of the brainstem, and is responsible for processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance.
What is the Cerebellum?
This lobe lies at the top rear of the head and is responsible for receiving sensory input for touch and body position.
What is the Parietal Lobe?
Commonly referred to as ACh, this neurotransmitter enables muscle action, learning/memory, and anger/agression.
What is Acetylcholine?
This structure in the brain below the thalamus regulates many important functions of your body, such as body temperature, thirst, hunger, etc.
What is the Hypothalamus?
(Daily Double) These are gaps in the myelin sheath that allow the electrical impulse of a neuron to travel faster down the axon; the gaps allow ions to diffuse into and out of the neuron, increasing the action potential and allowing for quicker transmission.
What is/are the Node(s) of Ranvier?
This is the largest part of the brain, encompassing gray matter on the outside (cerebral cortex), and white matter on the inside, and is divided into two halves.
What is the Cerebrum?
This lobe lies roughly around the ears and is responsible for receiving information from the opposite ear and processing sensory inputs such as visual memory and language comprehension.
What is the Temporal Lobe?
This neurotransmitter is closely associated with memory and learning, and is the main excitatory transmitter.
What is Glutamate?
This disease of the nervous system involves the body destroying its own myelin sheath, causing disruptions to the ability to send signals in nerves, especially with the scars formed from the damage.
What is Multiple Sclerosis? (MS)
This is a junction between the axon tip of one sending neuron and the dendrite of a receiving neuron that allows neurons to communicate. This is also where the electrical signals are converted into the form of a chemical messenger, creating an electrochemical signal.
What is the Synapse?
This part of the brain is the base of the brainstem and controls heartbeat and breathing.
What is the Medulla?
This lobe is located at the back of the head and is responsible for receiving visual information and interpreting the environment shown.
What is the Occipital Lobe?
This neurotransmitter plays a part in stress responses, influencing alertness and arousal.
What is Norepinephrine?
This is a period of delay in being able to respond to a second or more stimuli at once; A recovery time in which no additional neurotransmitters can be fired.
What is the Refractory Period?
These major glial cells play an essential role in insulating and providing nutrients to the axon. Alongside this, they also myelinate or create a myelin sheath around the axon.
What is a Schwann Cell?
Located beneath the cerebral cortex, this part of the brain is a large band of neural fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain, enabling communication between the two halves and allowing them to work together.
What is the Corpus Callosum?
(Daily Double) A lack of this neurotransmitter leads to floods of brain signals, resulting in epilepsy.
What is GABA?
________'s ____ is an area of the brain involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the temporal lobe.
What is Werncke's Area?