The Yalta Conference
Where was the Yalta Conference held?
Yalta, Crimea (USSR)
Who was the new U.S. president at Potsdam?
Harry Truman
How was Germany divided after WWII?
Into four occupation zones (USA, UK, USSR, France)
What term did Churchill use to describe Soviet control in Eastern Europe?
The "Iron Curtain"
What conflict began as a result of post-war tensions?
The Cold War
Name the Big Three leaders who attended Yalta.
Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA), Winston Churchill (UK), Joseph Stalin (USSR)
What major weapon did the USA test before Potsdam, giving them leverage?
The atomic bomb
What happened to Berlin despite being in the Soviet zone?
It was also divided into four sectors
What major promise did Stalin break after Yalta?
Allowing free elections in Eastern Europe
What economic aid program did the USA launch to stop the spread of communism?
The Marshall Plan
What four countries divided Germany after Yalta?
USA, UK, USSR, and France
Who replaced Winston Churchill as the UK leader during Potsdam?
Clement Attlee
What policy did Stalin favor for post-war Germany?
Keeping Germany weak and paying reparations to the USSR
Name two countries in Eastern Europe that became communist under Stalin.
Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, East Germany
What doctrine announced in 1947 officially started US containment policy?
The Truman Doctrine
What did Stalin promise regarding Poland at Yalta?
To hold free elections
What major disagreement over Poland continued from Yalta to Potsdam?
Stalin refused to allow free elections in Poland
What did the USA & UK want for post-war Germany at Potsdam?
A strong, stable Germany to prevent Soviet dominance
What was the USA’s reaction to Soviet expansion in 1947?
The Truman Doctrine (policy of containment)
What organization was created at Yalta to maintain world peace?
The United Nations (UN)
What was the main reason the USA wanted the USSR to join the war against Japan?
To reduce American casualties in a planned invasion of Japan
What was the biggest policy shift between Yalta and Potsdam in terms of the USA's stance on Germany?
The USA no longer supported heavy reparations and wanted to rebuild Germany.
What Cold War event in 1948-49 resulted from disagreements over Germany?
The Berlin Blockade
What was Stalin’s main justification for expanding Soviet control over Eastern Europe?
He needed a buffer zone to prevent future German invasions
What was the major long-term consequence of the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences?
The division of Germany and the escalation of the Cold War