Spinals
When should you suspect a spinal injury?
If they have an injury to the head
What are the steps of the ladder approach?
Talk, throw, reach, wade, row, swim, tow, carry
How do you treat a nosebleed?
Pinch bridge of nose and lean forward
What do we always treat the victim for after removals and how?
Shock, by using WARTS
Who do assistant lifeguards take directions from? And give an example of a direction they may receive.
National lifeguards. They may receive directions on rotations or positioning.
What do you do if you see someone fall and hit their head? (they are face up)
immobilize and call EMS
What is dangerous about a reach rescue?
You can be pulled into the water if you don't get low and lay on your front.
Explain angina vs heart attack
Angina is a condition for which the victim would have medication, where a heart attack is completely random.
How do you check if someone is breathing? If not, what do we do?
Seeing if they can talk and head-tilt-chin-lift. If they are not breathing, begin CPR.
What are two things that need to be correct in order for scanning to be effective?
Position and amounts of guards.
Explain how life over limb applies to spinals?
If the victim is not breathing, we no longer immobilize, risking their limbs, in order to save their life by doing CPR
What should you do if a patron comes up to you complaining that the showers are dirty?
Blow the whistle and get the attention of an APO or NL while still watching the pool
How can we stop excessive bleeding on a limb.
Hint: can be man-made or factory purchased.
You can use a tourniquet 2 inches above the cut.
Explain non-fatal drowning and what do we do when it occurs?
Occurs in swimmers (Ex. tired or weak) who do not go unconscious or non-breathing. We must refer them to a doctor and treat any symptoms they are facing.
One short blast - I need everyones attention, either to correct a behaviour or I need my teams help with something minor like moving a hazard.
One long blast - Clear the pool, in a major emergency like an unconscious victim you must clear the pool as the whole lifeguard team will need to help you.
Two short blasts - I am leaving my post to go help someone. This is when you are jumping into the pool to save someone, then your team is responsible for deciding to clear the pool or not.
Explain how to respond to a face-down spinal in the shallow end.
You must clear the pool and enter the water making the least amount of waves possible. Then approach the victim and either preform a vice grip rollover or canadian, and check for breathing immobilize while waiting for EMS
What should you do if someone comes up to you and they have a cut of their arm?
Blow your whistle get the attention of an APO or NL and get them a bandage. Also check where the cut came from and if it poses a hazard to other patrons.
Symptoms and treatment for hypothermia
Cold, blue lips, lower consciousness
Harm them up slowly (no hot tub), give hot beverages, blankets and treat for shock.
What causes shallow water blackout, and how do we prevent it?
Hyperventilation is the cause.
We can prevent it by ensuring swimmers are not holding their breath for extended periods of time or hyperventilating.
*show instructors*
Explain boarding?
Using vice grip, you bring them onto the board while one lifeguard holds the bottom from in the water and another holds the top from outside. Once the lifeguard outside the pool immobilizes the head, strap the chest and hips. Then, reimmobilize and the guard outside the pool will add the head strap. Then add feet, if you have time, lift the bottom and slide the board out.
What should you do if someone dives into the shallow end?
How do you recognize a stroke?
FAST - face, arms, speech and time
Why is non-fatal drowning more pertinent and dangerous in children and infants?
They can face water intoxication, which poses serious health risks.
Give me 5 assistant lifeguards' roles and responsibilities
ex.
1. prevent situations from happening
2. work as a team
3. are protected by Good Samaritan act
4. Must only preform to the best of their abilities
5. obey an NL