Rescue Priorities
What is the first priority of a rescuer at any emergency scene?
Your own safety
What step of the ladder approach uses an object like a pole or towel to reach a victim without entering the water?
Reach rescue
What does PPE stand for?
Personal Protective Equipment
Question: What ratio of compressions to breaths is used in adult CPR with one rescuer?
30:2
What medical device is used to deliver a shock during cardiac arrest?
AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
What acronym is used to check a victim’s level of consciousness?
AVPU (Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive).
When approaching a panicking victim, from what direction should a rescuer ideally approach?
From behind
What is the recommended way to signal for help during an emergency at a pool?
"Help"/two whistles
What are the two main skills used when performing CPR on an adult?
Chest compressions and rescue breaths.
What condition happens when the airway becomes blocked by food or an object?
Choking
If a victim is unconscious but breathing normally, what position should they be placed in?
Recovery position.
During a swimming rescue, a panicking victim repeatedly tries to climb on top of you and you cannot safely tow them. What is the correct defensive action?
Submerge to break the victim’s grip and reposition yourself.
What condition occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it?
Hypothermia
What medication should you provide to a heart attack/Angina vitctim?
Aspirin
What are two common signs of shock?
Pale, cool clammy skin OR rapid breathing OR rapid weak pulse OR confusion.
Before entering the water for a rescue, what two things must you assess for your own safety?
Hazards and the victim’s behavior/condition.
When performing a head and chin support on an unconscious victim, what is the main goal of the technique?
Keep the airway above water and maintain an open airway.
What type of injury might occur if someone dives into shallow water and hits their head?
Spinal injury.
When treating severe bleeding, what should you do if blood soaks through the first dressing?
Apply additional dressings and continue direct pressure without removing the original one.
What is the correct treatment for a severe external bleed?
Direct pressure with a dressing/bandage (and call EMS).
A rescuer should always attempt what types of rescues before performing a swimming rescue?
Reach or throw rescues
If a victim goes missing what is the first thing you should do?
Search the bottom of the pool.
Why do many drowning victims not wave or yell for help?
Because they are using all their energy trying to keep their airway above water.
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
What is the medical term for a heart attack?
Myocardial infarction