BSA First Aid

Tenderfoot

100

How do you prevent blisters when hiking?

Wear moisture-wicking socks, properly fitting shoes, and apply moleskin to hot spots

200

Tell how you should respond if you come upon the scene of a vehicular accident(Second Class 6e):

1. Ensure Your Safety:
   • Stop at a Safe Distance: Park your vehicle safely away from traffic
   • Check for fire, leaking fuel, or unstable vehicles.

2. Call for Emergency Help:
   •  Call 911
   • Clearly state the location, number of vehicles involved, and any visible injuries.

3. Secure the Scene:
   • Avoid Moving Injured Persons: Unless there is an immediate danger (like fire), do not move injured individuals, as it may worsen their injuries.

4. Check on Victims:
   • Approach and check if victims are conscious and breathing.
   • Keep victims calm and reassure them that help is on the way.
   • In case of internal injuries or the need for surgery, avoid giving food or drink.

5. Administer First Aid:
   • Control Bleeding: Apply pressure with a clean cloth on bleeding wounds.
   • Perform CPR: If a victim is unresponsive and not breathing, begin CPR if you are trained.
   • Stabilize the Neck and Spine: If spinal injury is suspected, encourage the victim to stay still.

6. Provide Accurate Information to First Responders:
   • Describe the Scene: Inform responders about the number of injured persons, visible injuries, and potential hazards.
   • Stay on Scene: Remain until authorities arrive, unless your safety is at risk.

300

What to Do in Case of an Accident in the Backcountry/Home and what to tell responders(Scound Class 6d):

Be calm

Ensure Your Safety: Make sure you and other are safe before doing anything.

Call for Help: Call 911 

Administer First Aid.

Follow the Triage method: Which person needs the most attention.

What to tell Responders:

Location: Be as specific as possible 

Describe the Incident: Explain what happened

Number of Victims: Indicate how many people are injured or affected.

Describe Injuries or Symptoms: Be clear about what kind of injuries the victim has 

Consciousness: State whether the person is conscious, breathing, or unresponsive.

Age and Medical History: medical conditions such as diabetes, allergies, or asthma, share that information with responders.

400

How to Prevent(Second Class 62 P1)

Dehydration:

Hypothermia: 

Hyperventilation:

 Preventing Dehydration:

• Drink Water Frequently: Even if not thirsty, drink water regularly.

Preventing Hypothermia:

• Dress in Layers: Use moisture-wicking and insulating layers in cold weather.
• Stay Dry: Keep clothes dry to maintain body heat.
• Avoid Wind Exposure: Seek shelter from wind and avoid prolonged exposure to cold temperatures.

Preventing Hyperventilation:

• Practice Calm Breathing: Slow down breathing by inhaling through the nose and exhaling through the mouth.
• Use relaxation techniques like meditation or deep breathing exercises.

500

How to Prevent(Scond Class 6c P2)

Object in the Eye:

Bites from Warm-Blooded Animals: 

Puncture Wounds: 

Serious Burns:

Heat Exhaustion and Heatstroke:

Preventing Object in the Eye:

• Wear Protective Eyewear: Use safety goggles when working with chemicals, power tools, or in dusty environments.
• Avoid Touching Eyes: Keep hands clean and avoid rubbing eyes. 

2. Preventing Bites from Warm-Blooded Animals:

• Avoid Provoking Animals
• Don't Go Into Bushes
• Stay Away From Snakes

3. Preventing Puncture Wounds:

• Wear Protective Gear: Use gloves and proper footwear when working with sharp objects or in hazardous areas.
• Handle Sharp Objects Carefully: Store sharp tools safely and avoid running with sharp objects.
• Watch Where You Are Going

4. Preventing Serious Burns:

• Stay Away From Fire
• Stop Drop And Roll
• Sun Protection

5. Preventing Heat Exhaustion and Heatstroke:

• Hydrate Regularly
• Take Breaks in Shade
• Wear Light Clothing
• Avoid Overexertion

First Class

100

What is the one thing you should treat every accident victim for?

Shock

200

How to Obtain Portable Water in an emergency(First Class 7f):

1. Boiling: Boil water for at least 1-3 minutes to kill harmful organisms.
2. Purification Tablets: Use water purification tablets or drops to disinfect the water.
3. Water Filter: Use a portable water filter designed to remove bacteria and parasites.
4. Solar Distillation: Use a clear plastic sheet to trap evaporated water from a container, then collect the condensed water.
5. Collect Rainwater: Use a clean container to collect rainwater if available.
6. Natural Sources: If no other options are available, find a clean natural source (stream, river) and purify the water through boiling or filtration.

300

Five Most Common Signs of a Heart Attack(First Class P1):

1. Uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain in the center of the chest. The feeling may spread to the shoulders, arms, and neck.

 2. Unusual sweating - for instance, even is a room is cool. 

3. Nausea 

 4. Shortness of breath. 

5. A feeling of weakness.

400

Steps in CPR(First Class 7c P2):

1. Check the Scene and the Person:Ensure the area is safe.

Check if the person is responsive by tapping their shoulder and shouting, “Are you okay?”

Look for normal breathing (gasping is not normal breathing).

2. Call for Emergency Help:If unresponsive and not breathing, call emergency services immediately or ask someone else to do so.

Get an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) if available.

3. Begin Chest Compressions:Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest, then place your other hand on top, interlocking your fingers.

Keep your elbows straight and position your shoulders directly above your hands.

Push hard and fast, at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and to a depth of about 2 inches (5 cm).

Allow the chest to return to its normal position between compressions.

4. Give Rescue Breaths (if trained and comfortable doing so):After 30 compressions, give 2 rescue breaths.

Tilt the person’s head back slightly, lift the chin, and pinch the nose shut.

Take a normal breath, seal your mouth over theirs, and blow to make the chest rise.

If the chest doesn’t rise, re-tilt the head and give another breath.

5. Continue CPR:Keep doing cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until medical help arrives or the person starts breathing normally.

If an AED arrives, use it as instructed, ensuring no one is touching the person during shocks.

500

Should you remove clothing from a third-degree burn victim? Why/why not?

No because the clothing may be sticking to the flesh.

Hurry Cases

100

What are 3 of the ways to help a victim of hypothermia?

1. Take the victim into a shelter & get in warm, dry clothes.

2. Zip into a dry sleeping bag or cover with blankets and coats.

3. Offer hot liquids (hot chocolate, soup). 

4. Give water bottles filled with warm fluid to hold in the armpit.

5. If possible, have the victim breathe warm, moist air.

200

If someone ingests poison what should you do:

1. Call a Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) for instructions or 911.
2. Check for Symptoms: Look for signs like nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or confusion.
3. Identify the Poison: Try to figure out what the person ingested (e.g., cleaning products, food, medication).
4. Keep the Person Calm: Reassure them and keep them still to avoid spreading the poison.
5. Do Not Induce Vomiting: Don’t make the person vomit unless instructed by a professional. Some poisons can do more harm if vomited

 

300

What to do for second and third-degree burns:

• Second-degree burns (blisters, intense redness, pain):

  • Cool the Burn: Gently rinse with cool water for 10-20 minutes to relieve pain.
  • Protect the Burn: Cover with a sterile non-stick bandage or clean cloth to reduce infection risk.
  • Avoid Popping Blisters: Let blisters heal naturally to prevent infection.
  • Go to the hospital or call 911

• Third-degree burns (deep, white, charred skin, loss of sensation):

  • Do Not Self-Treat: These burns are serious; seek immediate medical help.
  • Go to the hospital or call 911
  • Cover with a Clean Cloth: Use a sterile, non-stick cloth to prevent infection and reduce exposure.
  • Prevent Shock: Keep the person warm with a blanket or clothing.
  • Do Not Remove Burned Clothing: Unless it’s smoldering, don’t remove clothing stuck to the burn area.

400

What is the first step in First Aid for stopped breathing?

Open the airway. Place victim on back. Clear tongue from airway by pressing on forehead and lifting chin to tilt head back. Check mouth for gum, food, or other obstructions. Remove any obstructions. 

500

What should you do if you encounter someone with severe arterial bleeding

• Call 911 immediately for emergency help.
• Apply Direct Pressure: Use a clean cloth, bandage, or even your hand to apply firm, continuous pressure directly on the wound.
• Elevate the Limb (if possible): If the injury is to an arm or leg, raise it above heart level to help reduce bleeding.
• Use a Tourniquet (if needed): If direct pressure doesn’t stop the bleeding and the wound is on a limb, apply a tourniquet above the wound (between the injury and the heart) to control the bleeding.
• Do Not Remove the Bandage: If the cloth gets soaked, do not remove it. Add more layers on top of the original bandage and continue to apply pressure.
• Monitor for Shock: Keep the person calm, warm, and still. Watch for signs of shock, like pale skin, rapid breathing, and weakness. If they go into shock, lay them down with their legs elevated.

Important

100

True or False: when someone is stung by a bee or wasp, you should squeeze the wound to get the stinger out.

False. Squeezing the wound can release more venom. Instead, gently scrape the stinger out using a flat object like a credit card.

200

How do you treat hyperventilation?

1. Talk quietly to victim and encourage him to calm down and breathe slowly. 2. If necessary, having the victim breathe into a paper bag to help restore carbon diozide to the body.

300

Name 5 symptoms of Heat Exhaustion.

1. Pale, clammy skin 2. Nausea 3. Fatigue 4. Dizziness/fainting 5. Headache 6. Muscle cramps 7. Weakness

400

Should you perform the Heimlich Maneuver on a choking victim who is coughing?

No. The Heimlich Maneuver (and abdomen thrusts) should only be performed on victims who cannot speak, cough, or breathe.

500

Name 5 steps to treating Heatstroke.

1. Move victim to cool, shady spot. 2. Cool any way you can: remove outher clothing & sponge w/cool water; cover w/wet towels; place in cool water; fan; etc. 3. Keep victim lying down w/head & shoulders slightly raised. 4. Monitor victim closely. 5. Get emergency help right away.

Other

100

Severe Head Trauma with Loss of Consciousness and Traumatic Injury. What do you do

1. Call 911 immediately for emergency help.
2. Do Not Move the Person: Avoid moving them unless they’re in immediate danger (fire, traffic). Spinal injuries could worsen if moved incorrectly.
3. Monitor Breathing: Make sure the person’s airway is clear. If the person stops breathing, begin CPR.
4. Prevent Shock: Lay the victim down, keep them warm, and reassure them to reduce anxiety.
5. Check for Signs of Concussion or Skull Fracture: Look for bleeding from the nose or ears, clear fluid leaking from the ears or nose, or bruising around the eyes or behind the ears.
6. Keep Them Still: Try to keep the person still and calm. If they are vomiting, carefully turn them onto their side to prevent choking.

Bonus of 500 points added

If they got it wrong, still, 300 added. 

200

Should you ever move an accident victim with serious injuries before help arrives?

Only move an accident victim with serious injuries if they're in immediate danger (e.g., fire, risk of explosion). Otherwise, keep them still to avoid worsening injuries.

300

What first aid do you apply for NON-POINSONOUS snake bites?

Scrup with soap and water. Apply antiseptic. Non-venomous snakes bites only cause minor puncture wounds.

400

Should you apply ice to a venomous snake bite to help stop the swelling?

Do not apply ice to a snakebite. It will not help the injury and can damage the skin and tissue.

500

What is a sure sign of frostbite?

A sure sign of frostbite is numbness and pale or waxy skin that feels cold and hard to the touch. In severe cases, the skin may turn blue or black.