Genetics & DNA
This molecule stores the genetic information of most living organisms.
What is DNA?
Bacteria belong to this broad type of cell because they lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
What are prokaryotic cells?
This organ pumps blood throughout the body.
What is the heart?
Name one sampling technique scientists use to study organisms in an ecosystem. (Every group answer)
What is a quadrat, transect, mark-recapture, electrofishing, seine netting, pitfall trap, etc.?
+500 for eDNA
This is the basic unit of life.
What is a cell?
This process produces RNA using DNA as a template.
What is transcription?
This structure on a cell allows them to move throughout a medium.
What is the flagella?
These specialized cells transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system.
What are neurons?
The role an organism plays within its ecosystem, including how it uses resources and interacts with other organisms.
What is an ecological niche?
A p-value of less than [blank] is generally considered [blank] in scientific studies.
What is 0.05 and statistically significant?
During DNA replication, this enzyme releases tension on the dna strand caused by unwinding the helix.
What is topoisomerase?
This molecule forms a major structural component of most bacterial cell walls.
What is peptidoglycan?
The small gap across which one neuron communicates with another cell is called this.
What is the synapse?
This term describes the maximum population size an environment can sustainably support.
What is carrying capacity?
This is the only mammal capable of flight
This type of nucleotide is included in sanger sequencing because of its ability to terminate replication. It is able to do that because of this. (2 parts 200 each)
What are ddNTPs and lack of a 3' hydroxyl (OH) group?
Bacteria in a petri dish detect a high concentration of glucose in one area and a harmful chemical in another. The resulting movement is called what?
What is chemotaxis?
During an action potential, the rapid influx of this ion causes membrane depolarization.
(Think of the pump)
What is sodium (Na⁺)?
This type of species has a disproportionately large effect on its ecosystem relative to its abundance.
What is a keystone species?
This type of enzyme inhibition occurs when a molecule binds to a site other than the active site, changing the enzyme’s shape and reducing its activity.
What is the allosteric inhibition?
A chromosomal inversion in a gamete can lead to what major symptoms?
What is reduced fertility? (not the only acceptable answer)
This molecule found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria can trigger a strong immune response and is also called endotoxin.
What is lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?
This period immediately following an action potential prevents a neuron from firing another action potential, regardless of stimulus strength.
What is the absolute refractory period?
This ecological principle states that two species competing for exactly the same limiting resources cannot coexist indefinitely.
What is the competitive exclusion principle?
According to Robert Koch, these are the four criteria for determining whether a microorganism causes a specific disease.
What is: 1) The microorganism must be found in all diseased individuals, 2) it must be isolated and grown in pure culture, 3) it must cause the disease when introduced into a healthy host, 4) it must be re-isolated from the experimentally infected host.)?